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TR-2016-41 MITIGATION PLAN 2016 UPDATE • r- r , 9i {I 11 til U.S.Department of Homeland Security FEMA Region 1 99 High Street,Sixth Floor oMhR Boston,MA 021 I0-2132 w � FEMA D SE`Ja AUG 1 1 2016 Kurt Schwartz, Director Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency 400 Worcester Road Framingham, MA 01702-5399 Dear Mr. Schwartz: Thank you for the opportunity to review the Town of Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region I has evaluated the plan for compliance with 44 C.F.R. Pt. 201. The plan satisfactorily meets all of the mandatory requirements set forth by the regulations. With this plan approval, the Town of Agawam is eligible to apply to Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency for mitigation grants administered by FEMA. Requests for mitigation funding will be evaluated individually according to the specific eligibility requirements identified for each of these programs. A specific mitigation activity or project identified in your community's plan may not meet the eligibility requirements for FEMA funding;even eligible mitigation activities or projects are not automatically approved. Approved mitigation plans are eligible for points under the National Flood Insurance Program's Community Rating System(CRS). Complete information regarding the CRS can be found at htW://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program-communiiy-rating-system,or through your local floodplain administrator. The Town of Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 must be reviewed,revised as appropriate, and resubmitted to FEMA for approval within five years of the plan approval date of August 2,2016 in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant funding. We encourage the Town to continually update the plan's assessment of vulnerability, adhere to its maintenance schedule, and implement,when possible,the mitigation actions proposed in the plan. Kurt Schwartz Page 2 AUG 1 2016 Once again, thank you for your continued dedication to public service demonstrated by preparing and adopting a strategy for reducing future disaster losses. Should you have any questions,please do not hesitate to contact Melissa Surette at(617)956-7559. Sincerely, Paul F. Ford Regional Administrator PFF: ms cc: Joy Duperault, SHMO and NFIP Coordinator Sarah White, Mitigation Grants Supervisor, MEMA Beth Dubrawski, Hazard Mitigation Contract Specialist, MEMA Enclosure AGAWAM CITY COUNCIL 4, 36 MAIN STREET AGAWAM, MASSACHUSETTS 01001 (sl ARLS 5 ��-6 ,"- July 12, 2016 M4PRESIDENT James C. Cichetti VICE. PRESIDENT Joseph Mimeo COUNCILORS Mayor Richard Cohen George Bitzas 36 Main Street Cecilia P. Calabrese Agawam, MA. 01001 Paul C. Cavallo Christophtx C Johnson Gina M. Letellic:r Re: TR-2016-41 Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Donald M. Rheault Robert E. Rossi Dear Mayor Cohen: Anthony R Suf j`riti Richard Al Theroux As Administrative Assistant to the City Council, please consider ADMINISTRATIVE this letter as certification that TR-2016-41 which is a Resolution ASSISTANT adopting the City of Agawam's Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Barbara A. Bard Plan Update 2016 was approved at the July 11, 2016 Regular City Council meeting by a vote of 10 YES, 0 No, 1 Absent. A copy of the approved resolution is enclosed for your convenience. If you require further information or assistance, please do not hesitate to contact this office. Sincerely, &4axa-- &Ak Barbara A. Bard Administrative Assistant to the City Council TELEPHONE (413) 726-9716 FAX (413) 7264717 EMAIL bbard a agaivam.ma.us f ito TR-2016-_4 A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE CITY OF AGAWAM LOCAL NATURAL HAZARDS MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, The City of Agawam adopted a Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan on December 15,2008; and WHEREAS, it is advantageous for The City of Agawam to update its Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan;and WHEREAS, the City of Agawam established the Agawam Natural Hazards Mitigation Planning Committee to prepare its Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, public planning meetings were held on February 10, 2015, February 24, 2015 and March 3, 2015 regarding the development and review of the City of Agawam's Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the City of Agawam Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate potential impacts from natural hazards in the Town of Agawam;and WHEREAS, F.E.M.A. regulations provide that the local mitigation plan update is the representation of Agawam's commitment to reduce risks from natural hazards, serving as a guide for decision makers as they commit resources to reducing the effects of natural hazards. The plan also serves as the basis for the state and federal governments to provide technical assistance and to prioritize project funding; and WHEREAS, F.E.M.A. regulations require that the plan be formally adopted by the governing body of the City of Agawam;and WHEREAS, a duly noticed public meeting was held by the Agawam City Council on Aaw NOW THEREFORE, the Agawam City Council hereby resolves to adopt the Town of Agawam Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update 2016 which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. DATED THIS JMDAY OF 2016. QQ C Co it fuu e'— &&�J PER ORDER OF THE AGAWAM CITY COUNCIL ff e .r M 'D Pk.,' OC - CAA . JOles Cichettr, President APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY /ja( ` C/ Patrick M. Torrey, Solicitor MAYORAL ACTION Received this 1 day of ,2016 from Council Clerk.- Signed by Council President this day of (. 1 , 2016. APPROVAL OF LEGISLATION By the powers vested in me pursuant to Article 3, Section 3-6 of the Agawam garter, as amen , I hereby approve the passage of the above legislation on this��_ ay of (^{ f , 2016. Richard A. Cohen, Mayor DISAPPROVAL OF LEGISLATION By the powers vested in me pursuant to Article 3, Section 3-6 of the Agawam Charter, as amended, I hereby veto the passage of the above legislation on this day of 2016 for the following reason(s): Richard A. Cohen, Mayor RETURN OF LEGISLATION TO COUNCIL CLERK Returned to Council Clerk this day of , 2016. `- AGAWAM CITE' COUNCIL 36 JVL4,1N STREET AGAWAM, MASSACHUSETTS 01001 July 12,2016 PRESIDENT James C. Cichetti VICE PRESIDENT Joseph Mimeo COUNCILORS Mayor Richard Cohen George Bitzas 36 Main Street Cecilia P.Calabrese Agawam, MA. 01001 Paul C. Cavalla Christopher C Johnson Re: TR-2016-41 Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Gina M.Letellier Donald M. Rheault Robert F- Rossi Dear Mayor Cohen: Awhony R.Su,(frtti Richard M Therour As Administrative Assistant to the City Council, please consider ADMINISTRATIVE this letter as certification that TR-2016-41 which is a Resolution ASSISTANT adopting the City of Agawam's Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Barbara A.Bard Plan Update 2016 was approved at the July 11, 2016 Regular City Council meeting by a vote of 10 YES, 0 No, 1 Absent. A copy of the approved resolution is enclosed for your convenience. If you require further information or assistance, please do not hesitate to contact this office. Sincerely, OOAWL�L— &)�k Barbara A. Bard Administrative Assistant to the City Council TELEPHONE (413) 726-9716 FAX (413) 726-9717 EMAIL bbarduagawanr.ma.us TR-2016-44 A RESOLUTION ACCEPTING A GRANT IN THE AMOUNT OF$15,000.00 PURSUANT TO M.G. L. e.44,§53A FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT TO THE TOWN OF AGAWAM Sponsored by Mayor Richard A Cohen WHEREAS,the Town of Agawam applied for and received a Planning Assistance toward Housing ('PATH) grant from the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Com- munity Development; and WHEREAS,the Town of Agawam desires to accept said grant; and WHEREAS, the grant is in the amount of fifteen thousand dollars and no cents ($15,000.00); and WHEREAS,the Town of Agawam will use the grant funds to assist the Town in creating a Housing Production Plan (HPP)that will moves the municipality along the path to housing production; and WHEREAS, it is in the best interests of the Town of Agawam to accept the grant from the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development. NOW THEREFORE, the Agawam City Council resolves pursuant to M. G. L. c.44, §53A to accept this grant from the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development in the amount of$15,000.00. � — C4urf;c. � Dated this day of , 2016. ~L° �',(,[,��.(r1UY C PER ORDER OF THE IT AGAW M _ Y iGZ.(LL.1 A CITY COUNCIL ow4 1)4�rr — .lam e. Cichetti, President APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY Patrick M. Toney, City Solicitor MAYORAL ACTION 3 Received this day of (- L j 2016 from Council Cleric. Signed by Council President this 4h day of L L , 2016. APPROVAL OF LEGISLATION By the powers vested in me pursuant to Article 3, Section 3-6 of the Agaarter, as ame ,Ahpreby approve the passage of the above legislation on this ay of 2016. Richard A. Cohen,Mayor DISAPPROVAL OF LEGISLATION By the powers vested in me pursuant to Article 3, Section 3-6 of the Agawam Charter,as amended, I hereby veto the passage of the above legislation on this day of 2016 for the following reason(s): Richard A. Cohen, Mayor RETURN OF LEGrrII�SLATION TO COUNCIL CLERK Returned to Council Clerk this � P-� day of Lj 2016. Commonwealth of Massachusetts DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Charles D.Baler,Governor ♦ Karyn E.Pdito,Lt Gov== ♦ Chrpsral Kor Wy,lhrdersa cwy MAY 17 2016 The Honorable Richard A.Cohen Mayor City of Agawam 36 Main Street Agawam,MA 01001 Dear Mayor Cohen: The Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) is pleased to award $15,000 in Planning Assistance Towards Housing(PATH)funds to create a Housing Production Plan(HPP)for the City of Agawam. The PATH funds will fund the following activities: D Create housing inventory, needs,demand analysis; ➢ Create.future housing goals and implementation plan; ➢ Completion of a Housing Production Plan pursuant to 760 CMR 56 03 (4). This PATH assistance is dependent upon an executed contract between the City of Agawam and DHCD. DHCD will process and forward the final budget associated with the scope of services. Should you have any questions, please contact Phillip DeMartino, Technical Assistance Program Coordinator, at (617)573-1357orPhillip,DeMartin2@state.ma.us. I applaud your efforts to plan for the housing needs of Agawam. Sincerely, j Chrystal rnegay Undersecretary Department of Housing and Community Development cc: Senator Donald F. Humason Representative Nicholas A Boldyga Marc Strange,Director of Planning and Community Development,Agawam Corinne M. Wingard,Vice Chair,Agawam Housing Authority I00 Cambridge Street,Suite 300 www.mam.gov/dhed Boston.Massachusetts 02114 617.573.1100 OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS _- STATE MOUSE • BOSTON, MA 02133 - - - (617) 725-4000 CHARLES D. BAKER KARYN E. POLITO GOVERNOR LIEUTENANT GOVEFMR June 6,2016 The Honorable Richard A.Cohen, Mayor City of Agawam 36 Main Street Agawam,MA 01001 Dear Mayor Cohen: Congratulations! I am pleased to notify you that the City of Agawam has been awarded a Planning Assistance toward Housing(PATH)grant of$15,000. I want to thank you for your commitment to providing increased housing opportunities in the City of Agawam.Through this funding and your continued support,we hope to assist you in creating a Housing Production Plan (HPP). You will be receiving further instructions from the Department of Housing and Community Development on next steps,and please feel free to contact Phillip DeMartino, (Phillip.De Martino(@state.ma,u]if you have any questions. Sincerely, Governor Charles D. Baker Lt. Governor Karyn E.Polito Legals Legal Ad ted by the Mayor. TR-2016- Agawam, MA 01001 or by AGAWAM HISTORICAL 41 is available for public email to: COMMISSION inspection at the City Clerk's Procurement@agawam.ma.us The Agawam Historical Office, 36 Main Street, Sealed Bids will be Commission will be hold- Agawam, MA between the received at the Procurement ing a public hearing at 7:00 hours of 8:30am to 4:30pm, Office; Basement Level, 36 PM on Tuesday, July 5, Monday through Friday. Main Street, Agawam, MA 2016. at the Captain Charles BY ORDER OF: 01001 until 2:00 PM on July Leonard House, 663 Main James P.Cichetti 15, 2016 at which time they Street. The purpose of this City Council President will be publicly opened and hearing will be to review the 6/30/16 read aloud in the Procurement Demolition Permit for 497 Conference Room. Bids South Westfield Street which INVITATION TO BID shall be in a sealed envelope comes under the Town of Under MGL 30, 39M, clearly marked "Wade Park Agawam's Demolition Delay The Town of Agawam Chief Playground Equipment Instal- Ordinance. Procurement Officer, on lation - iFB # 16-620-001- By Order of David Ceechi, behalf of the Park & Rec- RE-BID". All bids must be Chairman reation Department hereby accompanied by a bid deposit AGAWAM HISTORICAL invites sealed bids from qual- in an amount that is not less COMMISSION ified contractors the Wade than five percent {5%n} of 6/23,6/30/16 Park Playground Equipment the value of the bid in the Installation. The project form of a bid bond or certi- LEGAL NOTICE scope consists of Installation feed, treasurer's or cashier's PUBLIC HEARING and Assembly of Playground check issuedby a responsible AGAWAM CITY Equipment purchased by the bank or trust company. 50% COUNCIL Owner from the manufactur- Payment Bond and Insurance The Agawam City Council er and preparation of the site Coverage are required at time will conduct a public hearing for poured in place rubber of award. Bids are subject on Monday, July 11, 2016, surfacing. Installation to be to the provisions of M.G.L. at 7:00pm, at a Regular done at Wade Park located on Chapter 149, Section 44A to Meeting of the Agawam City Franklin Street in the Town J as amended to date. Wages Council in the Conference of Agawam, Massachusetts are subject to minimum wage Room at the Agawam Public per the manufacturers instal- rates as per M,G.L. Chapter Library, 750 Cooper Street, lation instructions and speci- 149, Section 26-27H as Agawam, MA on the pro- fications provided, amended. posed TR-2016-41 which is a A full bid package with 6130l16 Resolution adopting the'City specifications will be avail- of Agawam's Local Natural able beginning June 29, 2016 Hazards Mitigation Plan at 10:00 AM in the Procure- Update for 2016 as submit- ment Office 36 Main Street •TR-2016-_' I A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE CITY OF AGAWAM LOCAL NATURAL HAZARDS MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, The City of Agawam adopted a Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan on December 15, 2008; and WHEREAS, it is advantageous for The City of Agawam to update its Natural Hazards Mitigation flan; and WHEREAS, the City of Agawam established the Agawam Natural Hazards Mitigation Planning Committee to prepare its Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, public planning meetings were held on February 10, 2015, February 24, 2015 and March 3, 2015 regarding the development and review of the City of Agawam's Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the City of Agawam Local Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate potential impacts from natural hazards in the Town of Agawam; and WHEREAS, F.E.M.A. regulations provide that the local mitigation plan update is the representation of Agawam's commitment to reduce risks from natural hazards, serving as a guide for decision makers as they commit resources to reducing the effects of natural hazards. The plan also serves as the basis for the state and federal governments to provide technical assistance and to prioritize project funding; and WHEREAS, F.E.M.A. regulations require that the plan be formally adopted by the governing body of the City of Agawam; and WHEREAS, a duly noticed public meeting was held by the Agawam City Council on NOW THEREFORE, the Agawam City Council hereby resolves to adopt the Town of Agawam Local Natural Hazards Mitigation PIan Update 20I6 which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. DATED THIS DAY OF , 2016. PER ORDER OF THE AGAWAM CITY COUNCIL James Cichetti, President APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY C� Patrick M. Toney, Solicitor I Mayor Richard Cohen From: Michael Albro Sent: Thursday, May 26, 2016 2:46 PM To: Mayor Richard Cohen; Patrick Toney Cc: Christopher Golba; Michelle Chase;Chet Nicora Subject: FW: Agawam, MA Approvable pending Adoption Attachments: AgawamHMP_Update_FINAL toadopt.doc;Appendix C -All Docs.pdf,Agawam HMP 2015 Map Update 3-25-15.pdf;AgawamHMP_Adoption Resolution.doc Mayor/Patrick, FEMA has issued an Adoption Pending Approval for the final version of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan (see attached). in order to adopt the plan for final approval from FEMA,the City Council must hold a public hearing to approve the plan and the attached Adoption Resolution must be signed. I spoke with Barbara Bard and she would need to be notified by noon on June 2"d in order to put the Mitigation Plan on the June 6 meeting agenda. Michael F. Albro, P.E. Assistant Town Engineer Department of Public works 1000 Suffield Street Agawam, MA 01001 Phone.413.726.2803 Fax:413.821.0631 From: Ratte, Catherine [mailto:CRATTE@PVPC.ORG] Sent: Tuesday, May 17, 2016 9:22 AM To: Michael Albro Subject: RE: Agawam, MA Approvable pending Adoption Hi Michael:Attached is the final version of the plan ready for adoption. Per FEMA's guidance, please follow the procedure to adopt that is described in your adoption certificate--copied below, after the Town Council has adopted the plan, insert the completed adoption certificate into the plan and send it back to MEMA. Please let me know if you require any additional assistance. Thanks -Catherine A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE AGAWAM HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, the Town of Agawam established a Committee to prepare the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and 1 WHEREAS, several public planning meetings were held between February and March 2015 regarding the development and review of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate hazard damage in the Town of Agawam; and WHEREAS, a duly-noticed public hearing was held by the Agawam Town Council on _ , 2016 to formally approve and adopt the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. NOW, THEREFORE WIT RESOLVED that the Mayor of Agawam adopts the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. ADOPTED AND SIGNED this . 2015. Catherine Ratte' Principal Planner/Section Manager Land Use Environment Pioneer Valley Planning Commission 60 Congress Street First Floor Springfield MA 01104 Agency Phone:413/781-6045, ext 311 Direct Line:413/285-1174 Cell:413/695-0074 www.pvpc.o rQ From: Michael Albro [mailto:MAlbro@agawam.ma.us] Sent: Friday, May 13, 2016 2:10 PM To: Ratte, Catherine Subject: FW: Agawam, MA Approvable pending Adoption Importance: High Hello, Catherine, Will PVPC be preparing the final version of the Hazard Mitigation Plan or is Agawam supposed to do it? Michael F.Albro, P.E. Assistant Town Engineer Department of Public Works 1000 Suffield Street Agawam, MA 01001 Phone:413.726.2803 Fax:413.821,0631 2 From: White, Sarah (CDA) fmailto Sarah.White(&MassMail.State.MA.US) Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2016 8:15 AM To: Catherine Ratte (CRATfE(&PVPC_QRG); Mayor Richard Cohen; Douglas White; Michael Albro Cc: Groff, Marybeth (CDA); O'Toole, Michelle(CDA) Subject: FW: Agawam, MA Approvable pending Adoption Importance: High Congratulations! Now that FEMA has issued the Approved Pending Adoption you can officially adopt the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan which will allow you to then implement the plan as written as well as be eligible for FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Assistance Grants. When adopting please be sure to adopt the exact version of the plan that received APA. Prior to adoption be sure to remove all references to "draft" and remove any highlighting that may have been done to show changes etc.. In other words, make it a final version. Once you have the signed resolution please insert it in to the appropriate placeholder in the final plan and submit to me so I may pass it along to FEMA for final approval. Please let me know if you have any questions. Thanks, Sarah PS: Hello Mayor Cohen— Happy Belated Birthday from your favorite Zingarellil1 Sarah White Mitigation Unit Supervisor Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency 400 Worcester Road Framingham MA 01702 Desk 508-820-2053 Sarah.white2state.ma.us From: Surette, Melissa [mai Ito:Meiissa.Surette@fema.dhs.govl Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2016 8:01 AM To: mayor@agawam.ma.us Cc: Hilliard, Marilyn; Lavallee, Denise; White, Sarah (CDA); Ndikum-Nyada, Brigitte; Groff, Marybeth (CDA); Dubrawski, Beth (CDA); MAlbLo@agawam.ma,us Subject: Agawam, MA Approvable pending Adoption Importance: High Congratulations! FEMA Region I has completed its review of the Agawam, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan and found it approvable pending adoption. With this approval, the jurisdiction meets the local mitigation planning requirements under 44 CFR 201 pending FEMA's recent of electronic copies of the adoption documentation and the ,final plan. These items should be provided to your State's mitigation planning point of contact who will ensure they are forwarded to FEMA. Acceptable electronic formats include Word or PDF files and must be submitted to us via email at fema-r_l-mitigationplansnfema.dhs;gov. Upon FEMA's receipt of these documents, a formal letter of approval will be issued, along with.the final FEMA Checklist and Assessment. 3 The FEMA letter of formal approval will confirm the jurisdiction's eligibility to apply for Mitigation grants administered by FEMA and identify related issues affecting eligibility, if any. If the plan is not adopted within one calendar year of FEMA's Approval Pending Adoption, the jurisdiction must update the entire plan and resubmit it for FEMA review. If you have questions or wish to discuss this determination further, please contact me at Melissa,Surette fema.dh.s. ov or 617-956-7559. Thank you for submitting the Agawam, MA Hazard Mitigation Plan and congratulations again on your successful community planning efforts. Sincerely, Melissa A. Surette Senior Planner, Risk Analysis Branch FEMA Region I 99 High Street Boston, MA 02110 Email: Melissa.SuretteWemaAhs.gov Office: 617.956.7559 Cellular: 617.794.0292 4 CERTIFICATE OF ADOPTION TOWN OF AGAWAM, MASSACHUSETTS MAYOR RICHARD A.COHEN A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE AGAWAM HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, the Town of Agawam established a Committee to prepare the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, several public-planning meetings were held between February and March 2015 regarding the development and review of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate hazard damage in the Town of Agawam;and WHEREAS, a duly-noticed public hearing was held by the Agawam- Town Council on . 2016 to formally approve and adopt the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Mayor of Agawam adopts the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. ADOPTED AND SIGNED this , 2015. Richard A. Cohen Mayor ATTEST Catalyst for Regional Progress PVPC. Timothy W.Brennan, Executive Director MEDIA RELEASE CONTACTS: Patty Gambarini, PVPC Senior Environmental Planner, (413)781-6045 or pgambarini@pvpc.org Chet Nicora,Agawam Emergency Management Director (413)786-0400,ext.8925, or emdirector@agawam.ma.us Michael Albro,Agawam Assistant Town Engineer (413)821-0628 or malbro@agawam.ma.us FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE February 13,2015 Town of Agawam to Hold Public Engagement Events for Hazard Mitigation Plan Agawam residents are invited to provide comments on the update of the Town of Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan at 10 a.m.on Tuesday,February 24 and Tuesday,March 3,at the Agawam Department of Public Works, 1000 Suffield Street.The plan is being produced by the Town with assistance from the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission and is funded by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)and the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency(MEMA).All members of the public are welcome to attend these events. The first meeting will include an introduction to the planning process,a summary of existing mitigation initiatives,and a discussion of strategies for addressing natural hazards in Agawam. The second meeting will include an overview of the planning process,summary of existing mitigation initiatives,and detail on recommended strategies for addressing natural hazards going forward. Municipal officials and PVPC staff will be available to answer questions and listen to comments on the draft plan,which is posted at: httyllwww.agawarn.ma.us/. A paper copy of the plan will also be available at the Agawam Department of Public Works. If you are unable to attend the meetings,written comments can be submitted by March 3rd to: pgambarini@pvpc.org. This planning effort is being undertaken to help the Town of Agawam assess the risks faced from natural hazards, identify action steps that can be taken to prevent damage to property and loss of life,and prioritize funding for mitigation efforts.A mitigation action is any action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human fife and property from hazards. For more information, please contact Michael Albro,Agawam Assistant Town Engineer,at (413)821- 0628 or malbro@agawam.ma.us or Chet Nicora,Agawam Emergency Management Director,at (413) 786-0400,ext.8925, or emdirector@agawam.ma.us -30- Media (Updated 1/20/15) John Appleton Reporter Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413178E-1300/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail: jappleton@xwub.com Charlie Bennett Editor Wilbraham-Hampden Times 2341 Boston Road Wilbraham,MA 01095 Tel: 413/682-0007/Fax: 413/682-0013 /Cell: E-mail: cbennett turle .com Berkshire Eagle Editor 75 South Church Street P.O. Box 1171 Pittsfield,MA 01202 Tel: 413/447-7311 E-mail: news@bLrkshireeagle.com Heather Brandon Urban Compass 83 Girard Avenue Hartford,CT 06105 Tel: 413/788-0841 /Fax: 413/237-6085/Cell: E-mail: heath anco s-net Brattleboro Reformer News Department 62 Black Mountain Road Brattleboro,VT 05301 Tel: 802/254-2311 /Fax: 802/257-1305 E-mail:news@ e�er.com CBS-3 Springfield Newsroom Onc Monarch Place,Suite 300 Springfield,MA 01 Tel: 413/736-4333 E-mail: newsOcbs3springfield.com Dan Chase Editor The LongmeadowNews 62 School Street Westfield,MA 01085 Tel: 413/5624181 /Fax: 413/5624185 E-mail: danchase(d,thclongmeadownews.com Page 1 of 1 l Media (Updated 1/20/15) Thomas Coburn Managing Editor West Springfield Record P.O.Box 357 West Springfield,MA 01098 Tel: 413/736-1587/Fax: 413/739-2477 E-mail: wsrecordAcomcast.net Lisa Connell Editor Country Journal 5 Main Street PO Box 429 Huntington,MA 01050 Tel: 413/667-3211 /Fax: 413/667-3011 E-mail: coung-)joumal(@—turley.com Daily Hampshire Gazette Newsroom 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: newsroom(n),Qazettenet.com Daily Hampshire Gazette Editor 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: editor@,gazettenet.com Daily Hampshire Gazette Publisher 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: publisher(a)gazettenet.com Carley Dangona Assistant Editor Reminder 280 N. Main Street East Longmeadow, MA 01028 Tel: 413/525-3247/Fax: 413/592-5286 E-mail: carley@thereminder.com Joseph Deburro Online Editor Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1300/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail: 'deburro a ub.com Page 2 of 11 Media (Updated 1/20/15) G.Michael Dobbs Managing Editor Reminder 280 N.Main Street East Longmeadow, MA 01028 Tel: 413/525-3247/Fax: 413/592-5286 E-mail: mdobbs reniinderl3ublications.com Rebecca Everett Daily Hampshire Gazette 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: reverettOgazettenet.com El Sol Latino P.O. Box 572 Amherst,MA 01004 Tel: 413/320-3826 E-mail: manuejftAu@gmail.co Doug Farmer Editor Journal Register 24 Water Street Palmer,MA 0I069 Tel: 413/283-3779 E-mail: dfarmer@hwley.com Chris Harris Editor Going Green PO Box 1367 14 Hope Street Greenfield,MA 01302 Tel: 413/772-0261 /Fax: 413/774-5020/Cell: E-mail: charnisaj=order.com Katelyn Gendron Assistant Managing Editor Reminder 280 N.Main Street East Longmeadow,MA 01028 Tel: 4131525-3247/Fax: 413/592-5286 E-mail: katel3M thereminder.com Gabrielle Gurley Senior Associate Editor CommonWealth Magazine 18 Tremont Street, Suite 1120 Boston,MA 02108-2301 Tel: 617/742-6800/Fax: 617/589-0929 E-mail: RgurleviRmassinc.org Page 3 of I 1 Media (Updated 1/20/15) Aimee Henderson Editor Belchertown Sentinel PO Box 601 1 Main Street, Suite 100 Belchertown,MA 01007 Tel: 413/323-5999/Fax: 413/323-9424 E-mail:ahenderson@turley.com Steve Hill Reporter Daily Hampshire Gazette 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: shill aAgazettenet.com Marjorie Hurst Editor African American Point of View 688 Boston Road,Suite B Springfield,MA 01119 Tel: 413/796-1500/Fax: 413/796-6100 E-mail:info(@A[wnpointofview.com.mihurst(@afammintofview.com Michael Jonas Executive Editor CommonWealth Magazine 18 Tremont Street, Suite 1120 Boston,MA 02108-2301 Tel: 617/742-6800/Fax: 617/589-0929 E-mail:mjonas@gMsinc.or Tim Kane Executive Editor Quaboag Current 80 Main Street Ware,MA 01082 Tel: 413/967-3505/Fax: 413/967-6009 E-mail: tkane r�4turley.com Tim Kane Editor Southwick Suffield News 23 Southwick Street Feeding Hills,MA 01030 Tel: 413/786-7747/Fax: 413/786-8457 tkane(@—turley.com Tim Kane Executive Editor Tantasqua Town Common 80 Main Street Ware,MA 01082 Tel: 413/967-3505/Fax: 413/967-6009 E-mail: tkane@_qLrley.com Page 4 of 11 Media (Updated 1/20/15) Tim Kane Editor Ware River News 80 Main Street Ware,MA 01082 Tel: 413/967-3505/Fax: 413/967-6009 E-mail: tkane(@—tUT]ey.com Jill Kaufman News Director WFCR-Public Radio Hampshire House 131 County Circle Amherst,MA 01003 Tel: 413/545-0100/Fax: 413/545-2546 E-mail: ikaufinan@AMT.net _AMT.net Ray Kelly PLUS Papers Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1331 E-mail:rkel�%ub.com Paula Killough Editor Ludlow Register 24 Water Street Palmer,MA 01069 Tel: 413/283-3779 E-mail: killou t rrl .com Jim Kinney Business Reporter Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1307/Fax: 413/788-l 136 E-mail- ikinne-v@Mpub.com La Voz Hispana 133 Maple Street #201 Springfield,MA 01105 Tel:413/306-6868 E-mail: adsf@lavozhispanact.com Doug Lazette News Director CBS 3 Springfield One Monarch Place,Suite 300 Springfield,MA 01144 Tel: 413/736-4333/Fax: 413/5234934 E-mail: newsQcbs3sprinafield.com Page 5 of I I Media (Updated I/20/15) Laurie Loisel Managing Editor Daily Hampshire Gazette 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: lloisel azettenet.com Jim Madigan Director of Public Affairs Programming WGBY-Public TV 44 Hampden Street Springfield,MA 01103 Tel: 413/781-2801 /Fax: 413/731-5093 E-mail: jmadi an w b .or Chris Maza Assistant Editor Reminder 280 N.Main Street East Longmeadow,MA 01028 Tel: 413/525-3247/Fax: 413/592-5286 E-mail: chrism(@thereminder.com Jim McKeever Director of Content The Westfield News 62 School Street Westfield,MA 01085 Tel: 413/562-4181 /Fax: 413/562-4185 E-mail: iimmckeever[a),thewestfieldnewsgrou .com Kathy Mitchell Editor Chicopee Register 380 Union Street West Springfield,MA 01089 Tel: 413/592-3599/Fax: 413/592-3568 E-mail: kmitchell_,turley.com Bruce Mohl Editor CommonWealth Magazine 18 Tremont Street,Suite 1120 Boston,MA 02108-2301 Tel: 617/742-6800/Fax: 617/589-0929 E-mail: bmohl@,massinc.or Dan Moriarty Managing Editor The Westfield News 62 School Street Westfield,MA 01085 Tel: 413/5624181 /Fax: 413/562-4185 E-mail: danmoiia!ly@thewestfieldnews.com Page 6 of 11 Media (Updated 1/20/15) Stan Moulton Online Managing Editor Daily Hampshire Gazette 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: smoulton0gazettenet.com Natalie Munoz Editor La Prensa of Western Massachusetts Tel: 413/586-1900 E-mail:nmunoz@IaRrensama.com George O'Brien Editor BusinessWest Inc 1441 Main Street Springfield,MA 01103 Tel: 413/781-8600/Fax: 413/781-3930 E-mail: obrien Y businesswest.com John Ouelette Publications Editor&Web Director Massachusetts Municipal Association One Winthrop Street Boston,MA 02110 Tel: 617/426-7272/Fax: 617-695-1314 E-mail: iouellette_,mma.org Larry Parnass Editor Daily Hampshire Gazette H 5 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: 14M.pAmass@gazettenet.com Russell Peotter General Manager WGBY-Public TV 44 Hampden Street Springfield,MA 01103 Tel: 413/781-2801 /Fax: 413/731-5093 E-mail: ryeotter@wgby.org Wayne Phaneuf Executive Editor Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1313/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail: yMhaneuf&enub.com Page 7 of 11 Media (Updated 1/20/15) Recorder PO Box 1367 14 Hope Street Greenfield,MA 01302 Tel: 413/772-0261 /Fax: 413/774-5020/Cell: E-mail: newsinfo recorder.com Larry Rivais Assignment Editor Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1300/Fax: 413n88-1301 E-mail: lrivais(@—LQub.com Sergio Rivera Jr.,Editor Vocero Hispano 335 Chandler Street Worcester,MA 01602 Tel: 508/792-1942/Fax: 508/792-1608 E-mail: voceronewsna,aol.com John Robertson Legislative Director Massachusetts Municipal Association One Winthrop Street Boston,MA 02110 Tel: 617/426-7272/Fax: 617-695-1314 E-mail: irobertsonOrrima.o Jim Russell Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1300/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail:newstil)s-L2-3@wmil.com Craig Sandler General Manager State House News Service Room 458, State House Boston,MA 02133 Tel: 617-722-2439 E-mail: craia.sandler(a3statehousenews.com Debra Scherban Editor Amherst Bulletin 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel: 413/584-5000/Fax: 413/585-5299 E-mail: dscherban@gazettenet.com .Page 8 of l l Media (Updated 1/20/15) Cynthia Simison Managing Editor Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 0)102 Tel: 413/788-1214/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail: csimison(a nub.com Stephen Smith City Editor Republican 1860 Main Street Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/788-1304/Fax: 413/788-1301 E-mail: ssmith@pMub.com Barbara Solow Correspondent Daily Hampshire Gazette 115 Conz Street Northampton,MA 01060 Tel. 413/341-3224 E-mail:bisolow@comcast.net Jack Sullivan Senior Investigative Reporter CommonWealth Magazine 18 Tremont Street,Suite 1120 Boston,MA 02108-2301 Tel: 617/742-6800/Fax: 617/589-0929 E-mail: isullivapQrnassinc.org Paul Tuthill Pioneer Valley Bureau Chief WAMC Northeast Public Radio 1215 Wilbraham Road#R5401 Springfield,MA 01119 Tel: 413/782-1434 E-mail: ptuthillRwamc.or� Tom Vannah Editor Valley Advocate 115 Conz Street PO Box 477 Northampton,MA 01061 Tel: 413/529-2840/Fax: 413/529-2844 E-mail: tvannah@valleyadvocate.co Danielle Veronesi News Director WRNX/WHYN/WPKR Radio 1331 Main Street, Suite 4 Springfield,MA 01103 Tel: 413/536-1105/Fax: 413/536-1153 E-mail: danielleveronesi clearcharmel.com Page 9 of 11 Media (Updated 1/20/15) Denise Vozella News Director WHMP-FM 15 Hampton Avenue Northampton,MA 01060, Tel: 413/586-7400/Fax:4I3/585-0927 E-mail: dvozella cQwhmn.com The Westfield News 62 School Street Westfield,MA 01085 Tel: 413/5624181 /Fax: 413/5624185 E-mail: pressreleases(@thewestfieldnews.com WGGB ABC40/FOX 6 News Assignment Editor 1300 Liberty Street Springfield,MA 01104 Tel: 413/785-1912/Fax: 413/788-7640 assiwmentdesk@,wRkb_.com newstins@wszp,b.com Sienna Wildfield Editor Hilltown Families P.O.Box 98 West Chesterfield, MA 01084 E-mail: hilltownfamilies@oiigil.com Kristin Will Editor Town Reminder 138 College Street, Suite B South Hadley,MA 01075 Tel: 413/536-5333 E-mail: kwill�(a.turlgy.com Kristin Will Editor Holyoke Sun 138 College Street,Suite B South Hadley,MA 01075 Tel: 413/536-5333 E-mail: kw_ ill u@turley.com Worcester Telegram&Gazette Newsroom 20 Franklin Street Worcester,MA 01615 Tel: 508/793-9245/Fax: 508/793-9281 newstips(d)teleglam.com Page 10 of I I Media (Updated 1/20/15) Jennifer Wroblewski Editor Agawam Advertiser News 23 Southwick Street Feeding Hills,MA 01030 Tel: 4131786-7747 E-mail: jroblewski turle .com WWLP-TV 22 Assignments Desk/Newsroom WWLP-TV 22 PO Box 2210 Springfield,MA 01102 Tel: 413/377-1160/Fax: 413/377-2261 news_,wwlp.com Page 11 of 11 2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Committee Schedule of meetings Meeting location: DPW Conference Room, 1000 Suffield Street, Agawam 3 planning team meetings 2 public meetings Review and update: Tuesday, February 10, 10 a.m. Introduction Chapters 1 through 4 (hazard id and risk, critical facilities) Review and update: Chapters 5 through 6 (current mitigation Overview of process, Tuesday, February 24, 10 a.m. strategies and future mitigation Tuesday, February 24, 9:30 a.m. get public input - strategies, plan review and adoption) Tuesday, March 3, 10 a.m. Tuesday, March 3, 9:30 a.m. Present draft plan, get public input r� Town of Agawam can M .A 0 S rrs • .@srwEnasaihE I aaeerrtraswhsf 1 A_A ATIXrSn a � :a••a a a as 7. { 1. i gpgmnencs f Public Wong>mpg>Engine"Biome DEPARTMENTS Engineering Additional Links Town Staff The Engineering Divislan provides ch R engineering services,advice and Engineering Staff technical reviews to Town Departments,Planning Board,Conservation +Standard Details Assessor Cammisslon,Board of Appeals,other boards +Town of Agawam GIS Auditor Services Available +MPDES Phase U Stormwater Building Maintenance Regulations • Record research of utilities and layout of street right of +Permits way.Copies of records can be made for fees Usted below. +Fees Clerk • Construction Details:Please Contact the Agawam Engineering Division to have a copy of the latest Engineering Standard Details +Road Opening Moratorium • Bert to you. +Manual on Uniform Traffic • Copies of Assemes Maps and topography derived from 1983 Control Devices(MUTCD) Engineering rlyover data. More up to date data Is available in Assessor's office +Massachusetts Appendix to and using the Agarwm's online GIS we6siee. MUTCD Health/School Nursing • Conviction Standards are available to contractors and +Massachusetts office of deretgx"for any wort which will be donne In the street right of Geographic and Inspection Services way. • Property Pins-Frord property pfn locations can be foetid,If Environmental Information IT Department Pit (aisssli15) • Reviews of subdivisions,site plans,and Conservation Commisslon +Find a Professional Engineer Law Department flUrgs for consideration by the Ptanning Board,Conservation or Land Surveyor at The Commission,and the Board of Appeals. Massachusetts Division of Professional Ucensure Library Current Projects Municipal GMf Course Contact Information spdngUde Serete 5ldarratk hrn pratarrerrb Parks&Recreation Address: The Town of Agawam Is currently In the preliminary phase of designing public Works Munldpal Annex Personnel Improvements to the sidewalks and overall pedestrian dreuL7don system 1000 Suffield Street along the Springfield Street corridor between Mill Street and Franklin Aga,,an,MA 020DI Street This work wIU Include removing the erdsthrg asphalt sldemlks, Attn:Engineering Dept Planning&Community installing new concrete sidewalks and painting new crosswalks at street Development Intersections. Phone:(4A 821.060D Public Works The plans shown below are preliminary and are not to be taken as the Frnc(413)821 0631 final design Residents are encouraged to review the plans listed below Hours: School Department and contact the DPW if there are arty concerm or would Uke any MondayFdday 8:30 A.M.•4:30 additional Infbmutlon about the pogect P.M. Fire#mtmk1pat hoUdsys 'Springfield Street Sidewalle` Veteran's Services + Preliminary Sidewalk Plans for Springfield Street Flararp M111pallon Plan Update 201E The Town of Agawam Is in the process of updating its Hazard Mitigation Pion in conjunction with the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission. Hazard mitigation Is arty sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate longterm risk to people and property from natural hazards such as flooding.storms,wildfires,tornados,etc. Mitigation efforts mWertaken by communities will help to minimize damages to buildings and Infrastructure,such as water supplies,sewers,and utility transmission Unes,as well as natural.cultural and historic resources. Agawam residents are Invhed to review the Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan below. Questions and comments about the plan can be submitted to the town during two public meetings at 10 am w Twaday,February 24 and Tuesday,March 3,at the Agawam Departmemt of Public Works,10D0 Suffield Street Please see the Public Meeting Announcement below for more information. 'Hazard Mitigation Plan' . 'M .Q Agawam Hazard Mitigation Committee Meeting Agenda DPW Conference Room 1000 Suffield Street, Agawam February 10, 2015, 10:00 a.m. I. Welcome and introductions 2. Overview of hazard mitigation planning process (Chapter 1) 3. Local profile (Chapter 2) 4. Hazard identification and risk assessment (Chapter 3) a. Types of hazards affecting Agawam b. Previous occurrences, extent, location, impact, future probability, and vulnerability of each hazard 5. Critical facilities (Chapter 4) 6. Next steps Please post this notice per Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 39, Section 23,A-C • 2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Committee February 10, 2014 Meeting INITIALS NAME TITLE PHONE EXT E-MAIL Michael Albro Assistant Town Engineer (413) 821-0628 malbro(&aaawam.ma.us�F� Michelle Chase Town Engineer (413) 821-0625 mchaseaagawam.ma.us � — Christopher Golba Superintendent (413) 821-0623 dpw@aaawam.ma.us n .Chet Nicora Emergency Management (413) 786-0404 _ _ Director/Assessor 88- Z �m dram•• , '-ls ee c �8 6 C'7ry�'� pe v�+ c VO, Patty Gambarini PVPC Senior 781-6045 333 j2gambadni@pvwc.oEg Environmental Planner Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Public Input and Workshop Agenda Agawam Department of Public Works Conference Room 1000 Suffield Street Tuesday, February 24,9:30 a.m. 1. Welcome and introductions 2. Overview of hazard mitigation planning process 3. Hazard identification and risk assessment a. Types of hazards affecting Agawam b. Previous occurrences, extent, location, impact,future probability, and vulnerability of each hazard 4. Existing mitigation measures 5. Recommended new mitigation strategies or changes to existing mitigation strategies 6. Discussion 7. Next steps Please post this notice per Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 39,Section 23,A-C e Sign in for Agawam 2015 Hazard Mitigation 1st Public Meeting - February 24,2015 NAME ADDRESS AFFILIATION E-MAIL 2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Committee February 24, 2015 Meeting INITIALS NAME TITLE PHONE EXT E-MAIL Michael Albro Assistant Town Engineer (413) 821-0628 malbro@agawam.ma.us A FA /"I BJ Cali! Deputy Fire Chief (413) 786-0657 af(IdeDutyQaqamn.ma.us Michelle Chase Town Engineer (413) 821-0625 mchase(&-agawam.ma.us John Decker Deputy Superintendent, (413) 821-0627 idecke @aaawam.ma.us Public Works GAG . Christopher Golba Superintendent, Public (413) 821-0623 dpMAagawam.ma.us Works . k • Chet Nicora Emergency Management (413) 786-0400 6925 director agawamem.org Director/Assessor Patty Gambanni PVPC Senior 781-6045 333 pg mbarini pvpc.or Environmental Planner I Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Public Input and Workshop Agenda Agawam Department of Public Works Conference Room 1000 Suffield Street Tuesday, March 3,9:30 a.m. 1. Welcome and introductions 2. Overview of hazard mitigation planning process 3. Hazard identification and risk assessment a. Types of hazards affecting Agawam b. Previous occurrences, extent, location, impact, future probability, and vulnerability of each hazard 4. Existing mitigation measures 5. Recommended new mitigation strategies or changes to existing mitigation strategies 6. Discussion 7. Next steps Please post this notice per Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 39,Section 23,A-C Sign in for Agawam 2015 Hazard Mitigation 2nd Public Meeting - March 3, 2015 NAME ADDRESS AFFILIATION E-MAIL A"6ad q WOW 2015 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Committee March 3, 2015 Meeting INITIALS NAME TITLE PHONE EXT E-MAIL Michael Aibro Assistant Town Engineer (413) 821-0628 malbro(M-agawam.ma.us zM FA BJ Calvi Deputy Fire Chief (413) 786-0657 afddeputy@agmmm.ma.us MCC- Michelle Chase Town Engineer (413) 821-0625 mchasej§ag awam.ma.us John Decker Deputy Superintendent, (413)-821-0627 ideckerAagawam.ma.us Public Works Christopher Golba Superintendent, Public (413) 821-0623 d w a awam.ma.us Works Chet Nicora Emergency Management (413) 786-0400 8925 director(aPagawamem.org Director/Assessor Patty Gambarini PVPC Senior 781-6045 333 Ipga barjni Pvpc.orc; Environmental Planner TOWN OF / / / HAZARD l MITIGATION / UPDATE f �� ,!+ � -y�•�i� ��y. y5"�.Y,rt..s-'�, �I FI �?Iff�i, ��...�7.... �ary�+. Adopted by • of Agawam on Prepared r Agawam Hazard Mitigation Committee and The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission •1 Congress Springfield, MA 01104 f .If www.pvps.org This project r r r by r grant r rm the Massachusetts Emergencyr rrAgency and the MassachusettsDepartment of r r rn Services fformerly the Department of Environmental Management OF • Tableof Contents................................................................................................................1 1: Planning Process.............................................................................................................2 Introduction..............................................................................................................................2 HazardMitigation Committee..................................................................................................3 Participation by Stakeholders ..................................................................................................4 Participation by Public and Neighboring Communities...........................................................6 TownCouncil Meeting ............................................................................................................7 2: Local Profile....................................................................................................................8 CommunitySetting. .................................................................................................................8 Infrastructure ..................................... .....................................................................................8 NaturalResources .................................................................................................................10 Development..........................................................................................................................10 3: Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment....................................................................13 Natural Hazard Analysis Methodology.............................. ....................................................13 Floods.....................................................................................................................................17 Severe Snowstorms/ Ice Storms............................................................................................24 Hurricanes/Tropical Storms ...................................................................................................28 Severe Thunderstorms/Wind/Tornadoes/Microbursts .....................................................32 Wildfire/ Brushfire.................................................................................................................36 Earthquakes............................................................................................................................34 DamFailure ............................................................................................................................43 Drought...................................................................................................................................47 OtherHazards.........................................................................................................................50 4: Critical Facilities............................................................................................................52 Category 1— Emergency Response Services..........................................................................52 Category 2 Non Emergency Response Facilities .................................................................54 Category 3— Facilities/Populations to Protect.......................................................................55 5: Mitigation Capabilities &Strategies...............................................................................58 Overview of Mitigation Capabilities by Hazard......................................................................59 Existing Mitigation Capabilities.......................... ...................................................................61 Deleted/Completed Mitigation Strategies.............................................................................64 Deleted/Completed Mitigation Strategies.............................................................................64 Prioritized Implementation Plan............................................................................................66 6: Plan Review, Evaluation, Implementation, and Adoption...............................................72 PlanAdoption.........................................................................................................................72 PlanImplementation..............................................................................................................72 Incorporation with Other Planning Documents.....................................................................72 7:Appendices...................................................................................................................76 Appendix A:Technical Resources...........................................................................................77 AppendixB: List of Acronyms.................................................................................................82 Appendix C: Documentation of Planning Process..................................................................83 Appendix D: Critical Facilities Map.........................................................................................84 Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 2 Acknowledgements The Agawam Mayor and Town Council extends special thanks to the Agawam Natural Hazards Mitigation Planning Committee as follows: Michael Albro,Assistant Town Engineer B.J. Calvi, Deputy Fire Chief Michelle Chase,Town Engineer John Decker, Deputy Superintendent, Department of Public Works Christopher Golba, Superintendent, Department of Public Works Chet Nicora, Emergency Management Director The Agawam Mayor and Town Council offers thanks to the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency(MEMA)for developing the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan (http://www.state.ma.us/dem amrams/mitigate/index.htm)which served as a model for this plan. In addition, special thanks are extended to the staff of the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission for professional services, process facilitation and preparation of this document. The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission Catherine Ratt6, Principal Planner/Project Manager Patty Gambarini/Senior Environmental Planner Josiah Neiderbach, Planner Todd Zukowski, Principal Planner/GIS-Graphics Section Head Jake Dolinger,GIS Specialist Alexander Train, Planner/Data and Policy Analyst Brendan Conboy, Intern 1: PLANNING PROCESS Introduction The Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)and the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency(MEMA) define hazard mitigation as any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from natural hazards such as flooding,storms, high winds, hurricanes, wildfires,earthquakes, etc. Mitigation efforts undertaken by communities will help to minimize damages to buildings and infrastructure, such as water supplies, sewers, and utility transmission lines,as well as natural, cultural and historic resources. Planning efforts, like the one undertaken by the Town of Agawam and the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission, make mitigation a proactive process. Pre-disaster planning emphasizes actions that can be taken before a natural disaster occurs. Future property damage and loss of life can be reduced or prevented by a mitigation program that addresses the unique geography, demography,economy,and land use of a community within the context of each of the specific potential natural hazards that may threaten it. Preparing, and updating every five years, a hazard mitigation plan before a disaster saves communities money and facilitates post-disaster funding. Costly repairs or replacement of buildings and infrastructure,as well as the high cost of providing emergency services and rescue/recovery operations, can be avoided or significantly lessened if a community implements the mitigation measures detailed in their plan. FEMA requires that a community adopt a hazard mitigation plan to be eligible for mitigation funding from the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP),the Flood Mitigation Assistance Program (FMA), and the Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Program are programs with this requirement. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 2 Hazard Mitigation Committee Planning for hazard mitigation in Agawam involved a six-member committee: Michael Albro, Assistant Town Engineer B.J. Calvi, Deputy Fire Chief Michelle Chase,Town Engineer John Decker, Deputy Superintendent, Department of Public Works Christopher Golba,Superintendent, Department of Public Works Chet Nicora, Emergency Management Director The process followed by the Agawam local Hazard Mitigation Planning committee to update their existing Hazard Mitigation plan included the following tasks: • Reviewing and incorporating existing plans and other information. • Identifying the natural hazards that may impact the community. • Conducting a Vulnerability/Risk Assessment to identify the infrastructure at the highest risk for being damaged by the identified natural hazards, particularly flooding. • Identifying and assessing the policies, programs, and regulations the community is currently implementing to protect against future disaster damages. • Identifying deficiencies in the current strategies and establishing goals for updating, revising or adopting new strategies. • Adopting and implementing the final updated Hazard Mitigation Plan. The key product of this process was the development of a list of prioritized new mitigation strategies to be implemented in the next five years. Committee Meetings Meetings of the Hazard Mitigation Committee, which took place at the Department of Public Works offices at 1000 Suffield Street, Agawam,were held on the dates listed below. Tuesday, February 10, 2015 Overview of hazard mitigation planning, identification and organizing of the planning team, Identification of critical facilities, discussion of hazard identification and risk assessment, and Review of existing mitigation strategies undertaken by the Town. Tuesday, February 24, 2015 Re-visitation of critical facilities, Discussion of history of natural hazard events Discussion of potential mitigation strategies to be implemented. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 3 Tuesday, March 3, 2015 Reviewing of draft prioritized list of mitigation strategies, based on conversation at previous meeting. Finalization of prioritized implementation strategies, Discussion of the plan adoption process,and Procedures for regular maintenance of the plan. Agendas and sign-in sheets for each meeting can be found in Appendix C. While not all members of the Hazard Mitigation Committee were able to attend each meeting, all members collaborated on the plan and were updated on progress by fellow Committee members after meetings occurred. Participation by Stakeholders A variety of stakeholders were provided with an opportunity to be involved in the update of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan.The different categories of stakeholders that were involved, and the engagement activities that occurred,are described below. Local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities and surrounding community engagement and input The Mayor's office assured input and participation from all Town Departments, providing verbal updates on the Hazard Mitigation planning process at his regular meetings with Town Department heads, and giving his Department heads the opportunity to comment and provide input on the plan update process. All Town staff and departments were also informed of the public meetings on the plan update and had the opportunity to participate in those meetings as well as the meetings of the Hazard Mitigation planning committee as all meeting notices were posted per requirements of the State Open Meetings law.All input received was integrated into the plan.The kind of input received included local information not readily available through internet research, updates on the status of implementation of the previous action plan and changes in local rules and regulations as well as other updates on capabilities. The Pioneer Valley Planning Commission is a regional planning agency for 43 towns and cities in Massachusetts' Hampden and Hampshire Counties. PVPC regularly engages with the Town of Agawam as part of its regional planning efforts, which include the following: • Developing the Pioneer Valley Regional Land Use Plan,Valley Vision 2, which advocates for sustainable land use throughout the region and consideration for the impact of flooding and other natural hazards on development. • Developing the Pioneer Valley Climate Action and Clean Energy Plan, which assesses the impact that climate change will have on the region and recommends strategies for mitigation that can be implemented by local municipalities and businesses. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 4 • Collaborating with state agencies, such as the Department of Conservation and Recreation,to maintain inventories of critical infrastructure throughout the region. All of these PVPC initiatives considered the impact of natural hazards on the region and strategies for reducing their impact to people and property through hazard mitigation activities.The facilitation of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan by PVPC ensured that the information from these plans was incorporated into the Hazard Mitigation Planning process. In addition,the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission is actively involved in the Western Region Homeland Security Advisory Council (WRHSAC).WHRSAC,which includes representatives from Western Massachusetts municipalities, Fire Departments, Public Works Departments, Police Departments, area hospitals and regional transit from throughout the four counties of western Massachusetts, is responsible for allocating emergency preparedness funding from the US Department of Homeland Security.The representatives of these disciplines who serve on the WRHSAC are charged with sharing the information discussed at meetings with their colleagues at their regular meetings. PVPC attends all WRHSAC meetings and all WRHSAC members are aware of the fact that Agawam was updating its Hazard Mitigation plan. Meetings of WRHSAC regularly involve discussion about how to improve emergency preparedness in western Massachusetts,and hazard mitigation activities are included in this discussion. For the update of this Hazard Mitigation Plan, PVPC provided feedback from WRHSAC on regional mitigation activities and natural hazards pertaining to Agawam.This was the method through which WRHSAC was engaged in the planning process. WRHSAC Contact List on p. 81. In addition, PVPC staff regularly present to their Executive Committee and Commission (representatives from the 43 cities and towns that comprise the Pioneer Valley, when new projects are launched and when funding opportunities are available).As result, all the communities in the region were informed of Agawam's Hazard Mitigation Plan update process and encouraged to comment. In addition, PVPC is facilitating Hazard Mitigation work in Agawam's neighboring municipalities of Southwick, Longmeadow, Westfield, and many surrounding communities at the same time as working with Agawam,so all these municipalities were aware of and had the opportunity to share hazard mitigation information with one another. We did not receive any comments from these neighboring municipalities on Agawam's draft plan update. PVPC staff included summary articles on the status of Hazard Mitigation planning in the region in the quarterly Regional Reporter that is mailed to area Chambers of Commerce,all member municipalities, area colleges and universities and other key stakeholders in the region in December 2012,April 2013 and January 2015. In this way, businesses, educational institutions and other key stakeholders were educated about and informed of Agawam's hazard mitigation planning work. We did not receive any comments from any of these organization or entities on the draft Agawam plan update. Capability Assessment Summary: Existing Authorities Policies, Programs, & Resources and Ability to Expand on & improve Existing Policies & Programs The local Hazard Committee, with assistance provided by the PVPC, used the FEMA Capability Assessment worksheet as a guide to systematically document and assess Agawam's existing hazard Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 5 mitigation capabilities.A discussion of existing capabilities is included in chapter 5, culminating in a chart of existing mitigation capabilities. Agawam has most of the no cost or low cost hazard mitigation capabilities in place. Land use zoning, subdivision regulations and an array of specific policies and regulations that include hazard mitigation best practices,such as limitations on development in floodplains, stormwater management, tree maintenance,etc.Agawam also has appropriate staff dedicated to hazard mitigation-related work for a community its size, including the Mayor's involvement,an Emergency Management Director,a professionally run Department of Public Works,a Building inspector, a Planner, and a Tree Warden,and Agawam has recommended plans in place, including a Master Plan, an Open Space and Recreation Plan, and a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Not only does Agawam have these capabilities in place, but they are also deployed for hazard mitigation as appropriate.The Town also has very committed and dedicated volunteers who serve on Boards and Committees and in Volunteer positions. The Town collaborates closely with surrounding communities and is party to Mutual Aid agreements through the MEMA. Agawam is also an active member community of the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC)and can take advantage of no cost local technical assistance as needed provided by the professional planning staff at the PVPC. Agawam's most obvious hazard mitigation need is for federal funds to implement prioritized actions. While Agawam is a well-managed fiscally sound Town, it is not a wealthy community and with state constraints on municipalities raising their own funds,Agawam has very limited financial resources to invest in costly hazard mitigation measures.Agawam is, however,committed to locally matching all HMGP grants received. Participation by Public and Neighboring Communities Two public planning sessions were held as part of the development of the Agawam plan—on February 24, 2015 and March 3, 2015, Both meetings occurred after the Hazard Mitigation Committee had provided input on hazards and mitigation strategies relevant to the community. Notice of both public meetings was posted at Agawam Town Hall in compliance with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts' open meeting law. Public meeting agendas and notices can be found in Appendix C. On February 13, 2015,the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission sent a press release to all area media outlets announcing that the hazard mitigation planning process was underway and that the first public outreach meeting would be held on February 24 and that the second public outreach meeting would take place on March 3 and that a draft of the plan is available for review on the town's website. Appendix C includes a screen capture of the town website where the plan was available for download. The press release also indicated that hard copies of the plan were available at the Agawam Department of Public Works,and that all residents, businesses and other concerned parties of Agawam were encouraged to comment on the plan by e-mailing or calling staff contacts at PVPC or the Town. The press release also encouraged citizens and municipal officials from nearby communities to comment on Agawam's plan by e-mailing or calling staff contacts at PVPC or the Town.The Pioneer Valley Town of Agawam—!-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 6 Planning Commission's regional scope ensured that residents and government officials throughout the Pioneer Valley saw the press release and request for comments. No comments were received. A list of media organizations that were sent the two press releases is provided in Appendix C.The list of media included television stations, radio stations, and newspapers located in western Massachusetts, northern Connecticut,and southern Vermont. Public participation will be a critical component of the Hazard Mitigation Plan maintenance process,as discussed in Chapter b: Plan Review, Evaluation, Implementation, and Adoption. Town Council Meeting In 2011,the Town Council agreed to begin the process of developing a Hazard Mitigation Plan. Once the plan was provisionally approved by FEMA,the Council held a public hearing on the plan and adopted it. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 7 LOCAL "PROFILE Community Setting Geography Agawam is located in Hampden County within the Pioneer Valley region of Massachusetts. It is bordered by West Springfield to the north,Southwick to the west, Longmeadow to the east, Springfield to the northeast, Westfield to the northwest, and Suffield, Connecticut to the south.Agawam is also 25 miles north of Hartford, Connecticut. Population Characteristics There are 28,438 Agawam residents(2010 US Census) and a total of 11,952 housing units (2009-2013 American Community Survey).The median household income is$63,609 with 9.9 percent of residents below the poverty line (ACS 2009-2013). Climate Annual rainfall averages 44 inches and is distributed throughout the year. In addition to rain, snowfall averages 40 inches per season. Prevailing winds from the south (and from the north/northwest to a lesser extent) reach their highest average speed during the month of April. In the past few decades, Agawam and all of New England have seen an increase in the number of extreme rainfall events, defined as large amounts of rain in a short period of time. in Massachusetts,the increase since 1948 has been 81 percent (Environment America Research & Policy Center, 2012). Extreme rainfall is a cause of flooding, which is a major concern of this plan. In the last five years,there has also been an increased occurrence of tornadoes and large storms that generate strong wind gusts. Infrastructure Agawam's location, centralized in the region and a border community along the Connecticut state line, has played a major role in facilitating the expansion of its infrastructure. Several major thoroughfares exist in the town and development patterns have followed these corridors. In addition,the town's physical characteristics and topography couple with its location to define its boundaries and guide its development. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 8 Roads and Highways Agawam is at the hub of major north-south and east-west transportation corridors in the Pioneer Valley. Major thoroughfares are: • State Route 57 (Henry Bodurtha Highway) • State Route 187 (Westfield Street) • State Route 75 (Suffield Street) • State Route 159(Main Street) • State Route 147 (Memorial Ave) U.S. Route 5, a major regional transportation corridor, is also located in Agawam's northeastern corner and crosses over the Connecticut River to connect with Interstate 91 in Springfield. Rail There is no passenger or freight rail service in Agawam. Public Transportation Bus service is provided by the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority from Agawam to many locations throughout the Pioneer Valley, usually via the Springfield Bus Terminal. in addition, limited bus service is provided to the Agawam Regional Industrial Park,the Pheasant Hill Apartments, and the Heritage Nursing Home. Water and Sewer Agawam obtains its water from the Springfield Water and Sewer Commission, but operates its own system for the distribution of water among residents.The system is comprised of one pump station and approximately 150 miles of pipe, ranging in diameter from 4"to 16", and 10,043 service accounts, as of 2013. Residential water use accounted for 60 percent of total usage and overall annual consumption was about even with 2012 at 1,277,407,472 gallons of water in 2013. The majority of Agawam is connected to its public sewer infrastructure, which was upgraded in the 1970s using state and federal dollars. Sewage is pumped to a treatment plant that is owned by the Town of Springfield on Bondi's Island. Agawam pays for its share of the maintenance and operating costs based on the volume and strength of the sewage that comes from the community. Schools Public schools serving Agawam include the Early Childhood Center, Benjamin J. Phelps School,Clifford M. Granger School,James Clark School, Robinson Park School,Agawam Middle School, Agawam Junior High School,and Agawam High School. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 9 Natural Resources Water Resources Agawam has approximately 532 acres of open fresh water, most of which is contained in the Westfield and Connecticut Rivers. The Connecticut River runs along the eastern boundary of Agawam for 5 miles. The section of the Westfield River that runs along the northern boundary of Agawam is approximately 8 miles long, and runs from the Westfield town line to its confluence with the Connecticut River at Pynchon Point. Because Agawam is located at the confluence of these two rivers, much of the eastern portion of the community is in the 100-year floodplain. Ponds that are over three acres include: Silver Lake, Mawaga Pond, Leonard Pond, Robinson Park Pond, Springfield Turnverein Lake, Hathaway Pond, and the Lake in the Meadows. In addition, Agawam has many small steams or brooks, including: Three Mile Brook, Tarkill Brook, Still Brook, Philo Brook, Miller Brook, Worthington Brook, and Adams Brook. There are also a number of smaller unnamed intermittent streams, wetlands, and vernal pools. Forests and Vegetation Agawam's rapid suburbanization over the past few decades has resulted in an appreciable loss of agricultural vegetation as those lands most suitable for agricultural use are also the most desirable for development. During this period, however, pockets of natural vegetation in the town's wetlands and hilly areas have been less severely impacted. Currently, approximately 2,143 acres (14 percent) of Agawam is cropland or pasture and 5,093 acres(33 percent) is forested. Development Agawam was established as a town in 1855, but remained primarily a farming community until as late as the 1950s,when the construction of highways facilitated suburban growth. Since this time,Agawam has witnessed a dramatic shift in land use patterns with over a 70 percent decrease in agricultural land. Between 1960 and 2010,Agawam's population increased by 81 percent. The majority of the town's developed land is for residential use. Today,Agawam is both a residential community for those who commute to Springfield and neighboring Connecticut, as well as a commercial and industrial center itself.The largest amusement park in New England, Six Flags New England, is also located in Agawam and attracts visitors from throughout the Northeast. Most parts of Agawam are widely developed with the most concentrated development in north Agawam.The least developed area is on Provin Mountain,which is undeveloped primarily because of steep slopes. Parts of Feeding Hills and some areas along North and South Westfield Roads are also not heavily developed, due a lack of sewer lines and soil inappropriate for septic systems. Ten percent of Agawam's land is permanently protected and about 1,607 acres temporarily protected under the state's Chapter 61A Program.Agawam is approximately 33 percent forestland, most of which is fragmented,except along the western border on Provin Mountain and in along the Westfield River in Robinson State Park. Town of Agawam--Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 10 According to US Census Building Permit Data,there have been 122 building permits issued,in Agawam since 2008, for an average of about 24 per year.This is a decrease in the number of annual permits issued in the 1990s and early 2000s. Following a thorough hazard vulnerability and risk assessment completed as part of this plan update process, which included mapping critical infrastructure, past hazards and also analyzing new development (since Hazard Mitigation Plan approval), the committee has determined that no changes in development impacted the Town's vulnerability. Zoning Agawam has 13 zoning districts. The districts define the allowed uses and dimensional requirements in all parts of the town. These districts are: • Residence A-1 Districts: Single family residences • Residence A-2 Districts:Single-, 2-&4-family residences • Residence A-3 Districts:Apartments, garden-type apartments, &condominiums • Residence A-4 Districts: Elderly housing • Residence A-5 Districts:Age-restricted housing • Residence A-6: Low density community • Residence B Districts:Single-& 2-family residences • Agriculture Districts:Single family residences, agriculture &administrative offices • Business A Districts: Retail uses, all residential and agricultural uses • Business B Districts: Mixed commercial, including light industrial • Business C Districts: Mixed use • Industrial District A: Industrial, mixed commercial&agricultural • Industrial District B: Industrial, mixed commercial&agricultural National Flood Insurance Program Agawam is a participating member of the National Flood Insurance Program,and had the following NFIP policy and claim statistics as of 2014: • Flood Insurance Maps(FIRMS) are used for flood insurance purposes and are on file with the Agawam Inspection Services at 1000 Suffield Street. • FIRMs have been effective since February 1, 1978 with the current map in effect since July 16, 2013. • Agawam has 312 in-force policies in effect for a total of$55,867,200 worth of insurance. • There have been a total of 49 NFIP claims for which $132,345 has been paid. • There are currently no "Repetitive Loss Properties" insured under the NFIP within the Town of Agawam. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 11 The Town will maintain compliance with the NFIP throughout the next 5-year hazard mitigation planning cycle by monitoring its Floodplain Zone and ensuring that this zoning district accurately reflects the 100- year floodplain and FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 12 HAZARD IDENTIFICATIONASSESSMENT This chapter examines all hazards identified by the Massachusetts State Hazard Mitigation Plan (2013)which are identified as likely to affect Agawam. Historical research, conversations with local officials and emergency management personnel,available hazard mapping and other weather-related databases were used to develop this list. Identified hazards are the following: • Floods • Severe snowstorms/ice storms • Hurricanes/tropical storms • Severe thunderstorms/wind/tornadoes/microbursts • Wildfires/brushfires • Earthquakes • Dam failures • Drought Natural Hazard Analysis Methodology The hazard analysis is organized into the following sections: Hazard Description, Location, Extent, Previous Occurrences, Probability of Future Events, Impact,and Vulnerability. A description of each of these analysis categories is provided below. Hazard Description The natural hazards identified for Agawam are: floods, severe snowstorms/ice storms, hurricanes, severe thunderstorms/wind/tornadoes,wildfire/brushfire, earthquakes, dam failure, and drought. Many of these hazards result in similar impacts to a community. For example, hurricanes, tornadoes and severe snowstorms may cause wind-related damage. Location Location refers to the geographic areas within the planning area that are affected by the hazard. Some hazards affect the entire planning area universally,while others apply to a specific portion,such as a floodplain or area that is susceptible to wild fires. Classifications are based on the area that would potentially be affected by the hazard,on the following scale: Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 13 Location of Occurrence, Percentage of •wn Impacted by • Location of Occurrence Percentage of Town Impacted Large More than 50%of the town affected Medium 10 to 50%of the town affected small Less than 10%of the town affected Extent Extent describes the strength or magnitude of a hazard. Where appropriate, extent is described using an established scientific scale or measurement system. Other descriptions of extent include water depth, wind speed, and duration. Previous Occurrences Previous hazard events that have occurred are described. Depending on the nature of the hazard,events listed may have occurred on a local, regional, or state-wide level. Probability of Future Events The likelihood of a future event for each natural hazard was classified according to the following scale: Frequency of Occurrence and Annual Probability Frequency of Occurrence Probability of Future Events Very High 70-100%probability in the next year High 40-70% probability in the next year Moderate 10-40%probability in the next year Low 1-10%probability in the next year Very Low Less than 1%probability in the next year Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 14 Impact Impact refers to the effect that a hazard may have on the people and property in the community, based on the assessment of extent described above. Impacts are classified according to the following scale: Magnitudeof Given Natural Hazard Impacts Magnitude of Multiple Impacts Multiple deaths and injuries possible. More than 50%of Catastrophic property in affected area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of facilities for 30 days or more. Multiple injuries possible. More than 25%of property in Critical affected area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of facilities for more than 1 week. Minor injuries only. More than 10%of property in affected Limited area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of facilities for more than 1 day. Very few injuries, if any. Only minor property damage and Minor minimal disruption on quality of life. Temporary shutdown of facilities. Vulnerability(hazard index rating) Based on the above metrics, a hazard index rating was determined for each hazard.The hazard index ratings are based on a scale of 1 through 5 as follows: 1—Very high risk 2—High risk 3—Medium risk 4--Low risk 5—Very low risk The ranking is qualitative and is based, in part,on local knowledge of past experiences with each type of hazard. The size and impacts of a natural hazard can be unpredictable. However, many of the mitigation strategies currently in place and many of those proposed for implementation can be applied to the expected natural hazards, regardless of their unpredictability. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 15 Hazard Identification Type of Hazard Location of Probability of Impact Vulnerability Occurrence Future Events Flooding Medium Moderate Critical 2—High Risk Severe Snowstorms/ Large High Critical 1—Very High Ice storms Risk Hurricanes Large Low Critical 2—High Risk Tropical Storms Large Moderate Critical 2—High Risk Severe Thunderstorms /Wind/ Small High Critical 3—Medium Tornadoes/Microbursts Risk Wildfires/Brushfires Small Very Low Minor 4—Low Risk Earthquakes Large Low Catastrophic 4—Low Risk Dam Failures Medium Low Critical 3—Medium Risk Drought Large Moderate Minor 4—Low Risk Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 16 Floods Hazard Description There are three major types of storms that can generate flooding in Agawam: • Continental storms are typically low-pressure systems that can be either slow-or fast moving. These storms originate from the west and occur throughout the year. • Coastal storms, also known as nor'easters, usually occur in late summer or early fall and originate from the south.The most severe coastal storms, hurricanes,occasionally reach Massachusetts and generate very large amounts of rainfall. • Thunderstorms form on warm, humid summer days and cause locally significant rainfall, usually over the course of several hours.These storms can form quickly and are more difficult to predict than continental and coastal storms. A floodplain is the relatively flat, lowland area adjacent to a river, lake or stream. Floodplains serve an important function,acting like large"sponges"to absorb and slowly release floodwaters back to surface waters and groundwater. Over time,sediments that are deposited in floodplains develop into fertile, productive farmland like that found in the Connecticut River valley. In the past, floodplain areas were also often seen as prime locations for development. Industries were located on the banks of rivers for access to hydropower. Residential and commercial development occurred in floodplains because of their scenic qualities and proximity to the water. Although periodic flooding of a floodplain area is a natural occurrence, past and current development and alteration of these areas will result in flooding that is a costly and frequent hazard. Location There are approximately 1022 acres of land within the FEMA mapped 100-year floodplain and 252 acres of land within the 500-year floodplain within the Town of Agawam. Most of this area is located adjacent to the Connecticut River. This includes Bondi's Island where the Springfield Water and Sewer Commission operates its wastewater treatment plan and to which numerous sewer pipes flow. Based on these locations,flooding has a "medium" location of occurrence,with 10 to 50 percent of land affected. The following specific locations are prone to flooding: River Road The River Road neighborhood is located in the floodplain. It consists of 37 streets and approximately 370 residential homes northwest of River Road. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 17 Lower Suffield Street(Route 75) Localized flooding has occurred in the past on lower Suffield Street at the crossing with Westfield Brook. Flooding has occurred in this area in recent years due to inadequate culvert capaTown.Approximately 3 residential structures could be affected by localized flooding.There is potential for damage to Route 75. Upper Suffield Stree_t_(Route 75) Portions of upper Suffield Street have experienced localized flooding in the past. Flooding has occurred in this area in recent years due to inadequate culvert capaTown and is exacerbated by beaver dams. There are no structures in the area where the flooding occurs,though there is potential for damage to Route 75. North Street The road has experienced minor flooding, due to culvert problems over White Brook.There is no record of major flooding in this area. Approximately 4 residential structures and a sewer pump station could be affected by flooding at this location. Leonard Pond A 75-year storm in the 1980s caused significant damage to residential homes along Kathy Terrace. Approximately 15 residential structures could be affected by a flood incident at this location. Beaver issues contribute to flooding in this location. Extent The Hazard Mitigation Committee indicated that all locations of localized flooding can receive high water marks of up to several feet during sufficiently large rainstorms. Water levels in Agawam's rivers, streams, and wetlands rise and fall seasonally and during high rainfall events. High water levels are typical in spring,due to snowmelt and ground thaw. This is the period when flood hazards are normally expected. Low water levels occur in summer due to high evaporation and plant uptake (transpiration). At any time, heavy rainfall may create conditions that raise water levels in rivers and streams above bank full stage, which then overflow adjacent lands. The worst flooding recorded in Agawam's recent history occurred following Hurricane Diane in August 1955. While Agawam does not have records,the region recorded levels of nearly 20 inches in the greater Springfield area, according to the US Geological survey Report "Floods of August 1955 in the Northeastern States". Floods can be classified as one of two types:flash floods and general floods. Flash floods are the product of heavy, localized precipitation in a short time period over a given location. Flash flooding events typically occur within minutes or hours after a period of heavy precipitation,after a dam or levee failure,or from a sudden release of water from an ice jam. Most often,flash flooding is the result of a slow-moving thunderstorm or the heavy rains from a hurricane. In rural areas,flash flooding often occurs when small streams spill over their banks. However, in urbanized areas,flash flooding is often the result of clogged storm drains(leaves and other debris)and the higher amount of impervious surface area (roadways, parking lots, roof tops). Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 18 'General floods may last for several days or weeks and are caused by precipitation over a longer time period in a particular river basin. Excessive precipitation within a watershed of a stream or river can result in flooding particularly when development in the floodplain has obstructed the natural flow of the water and/or decreased the natural ability of the groundcover to absorb and retain surface water runoff (e.g.,the loss of wetlands and the higher amounts of impervious surface area in urban areas). The average annual precipitation for Agawam and surrounding areas in western Massachusetts is 46 inches. Previous Occurrences Historically, the majority of flooding in Agawam has been localized,affecting particular neighborhoods or areas containing small ponds or wetlands that overflow when the town receives heavy rainfall.The locations in the previous section (lower and upper Suffield Street, North Street,and Leonard Pond) are places in Agawam at which flooding has occurred. Suffield Street experiences annual flooding due to inadequate culvert capaTown and beaver dams,while North Street receives minor flooding on an annual basis and Leonard Pond flooded due to a storm in 1983. The one major flood event on record occurred in March of 1936,when an unusually cold and snowy winter,followed by a spell of warm and rainy weather,turned the normal spring rising of the Connecticut River into an unprecedented natural catastrophe.The flood inundated Agawam, as well as Hadley, Hatfield, Northampton, and Springfield. In Massachusetts,the flood resulted in 10 deaths and left 50,000 people homeless. Estimated damage statewide was$200 million in 1936 dollars,or$3.4 billion in 2014 dollars. Flooding during Tropical Storm Irene in 2011 caused sheet piling in a 250' section of levy along the Westfield River to erode and fold. The Army Corps of Engineers has since worked with Agawam to reinforce the levy in this location, but there are already signs of slope failure. This is especially concerning because a sewer line runs within this section of slope. Relocation of the sewer line away from the river is a high priority. The DPW has allocated funding in the coming fiscal year budget to pursue design work toward this end, but will need funding for implementation. The Town of Agawam has a gauge on the Connecticut River to indicate height of river at the Campbell Road pump stations. The National Weather Service monitors flooding crests for the Connecticut River,at the nearest National Weather Service station located directly upstream from Agawam in Springfield, Massachusetts.There is also a station located in Westfield, Massachusetts to monitor the Westfield river. The NWS has various flooding classifications based on water level.These classifications and their definitions are: Action Stage-the stage which, when reached by a rising stream, represents the level where the NWS or a partner/user needs to take some type of mitigation action in preparation for possible significant hydrologic activity.The type of action taken varies for each gage location. Gage data should be closely monitored by any affected people if the stage is above action stage. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 19 Minor Flooding is defined to have minimal or no property damage, but possibly some public threat.A Flood Advisory product is issued to advise the public of flood events that are expected not to exceed the minor flood category. Examples of conditions that would be considered minor flooding include: • water over banks and in yards • no building flooded, but some water may be under buildings built on stilts (elevated) • personal property in low lying areas needs to be moved or it will get wet • water overtopping roads, but not very deep or fast flowing • water in campgrounds or on bike paths • inconvenience or nuisance flooding • small part of the airstrip flooded, and aircraft can still land • one or two homes in the lowest parts of the community may be cut off or get a little water in the crawl spaces or homes themselves if they are not elevated Moderate Flooding is defined to have some inundation of structures and roads near the stream. Some evacuations of people and/or transfer of property to higher elevations may be necessary. A Flood Warning is issued if moderate flooding is expected during the event. Examples of conditions that would be considered moderate flooding include: • several buildings flooded with minor or moderate damage • various types of infrastructure rendered temporarily useless (i.e. fuel tanks cannot be reached due to high water, roads flooded that have no alternates,generator station flooded) • elders and those living in the lowest parts of the village are evacuated to higher ground • access to the airstrip is cut off or requires a boat • water over the road is deep enough to make driving unsafe • gravel roads likely eroded due to current moving over them • widespread flooding, but not deep enough to float ice chunks through the community • water deep enough to make life difficult, normal life is disrupted and some hardship is endured • airstrip closed • travel is most likely restricted to boats Major Flooding is defined to have extensive inundation of structures and roads.Significant evacuations of people and/or transfer of property to higher elevations are necessary.A Flood Warning is issued if major flooding is expected during the event. Examples of conditions that would be considered major flooding include: • many buildings flooded,some with substantial damage or destruction • infrastructure destroyed or rendered useless for an extended period of time • multiple homes are flooded or moved off foundations • everyone in threatened area is asked to evacuate • National Guard units assist in evacuation efforts • erosion problems are extreme • the airstrip, fuel tanks, and the generator station are likely flooded • loss of transportation access, communication, power and/or fuel spills are likely • fuel tanks may float and spill and possibly float downstream • ice chunks floating though the community that could cause structural damage • high damage estimates and high degree of danger to residents The flood categories for the Connecticut River at the Springfield station are: • Major flood stage: 24 feet • Moderate flood stage: 22 feet Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan update 2016 20 • Flood stage: 20 feet • Action stage: 18 feet The previous occurrences of these flooding categories being reached by the Connecticut River in Springfield are as follows: Historic Crests of the Connecticut River in Springfield, MA Crest(feet) Date Stage 28.6 3/20/1936 Major flood 25.75 9/23/1938 Major flood 22.65 6/1/1984 Moderate flood 22.45 11/6/1927 Moderate flood 21.1 8/19/1955 Flood Source:National Weather Service, http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/h ydrograph.php?wfo=box&gage=spgm3 The flood categories for the Westfield River at the Westfield station are: • Major flood stage:20 feet • Moderate flood stage: 16 feet • Flood stage: 13 feet • Action stage: 12 feet Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 21 The previous occurrences of these flooding categories being reached by the Westfield River in Westfield, Massachusetts are as follows: Historic Crests of the Westfield River in Westfield, MA Crest(feet) Date Stage 34.2 8/19/1955 Major flood 27.2 3/18/1936 Major flood 25.41 11/4/1928 Major flood 22.66 6/16/1933 Major flood 22.13 4/7/1924 Major flood 22 12/31/1948 Major flood 21.79 10/16/1955 Major flood 19.95 3/22/1980 Moderate flood 19.92 8/28/2011 Moderate flood 18.78 4/16/2007 Moderate flood 18.26 2/25/1915 Moderate flood 17.91 4/5/1987 Moderate flood 17.9 9/22/1938 Moderate flood 17 4/13/1920 Moderate flood 16.63 10/9/2005 Moderate flood 16.54 4/12/1934 Moderate flood 16.51 11/26/1951 Moderate flood 15.45 1/10/1935 Flood stage 14.3 2/20/1981 Flood stage 14.25 3/7/2011 Flood stage 13.25 3/22/1999 Flood stage 13.1 9/17/1999 Flood stage 12.92 9/26/1975 Action stage 12.9 10/15/2005 Action stage 12.87 4/3/2005 Action stage 12.8 1/28/1996 Action stage 12.55 6/7/2000 Action stage 12.47 4/5/1960 Action stage 12.22 3/29/1993 Action stage Source:National Weather Service, http://water.weather.gov/ah ps2/h ydrogro ph.ph p?wfo=box&gage=wsfm3 Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 22 Probability of Future Events Based upon previous data,there is a moderate frequency(10 to 40 probability in any given year)'of flash flooding or general flooding occurring in Agawam. Flooding frequencies for the various floodplains in Agawam are defined by FEMA as the following: • 10-year floodplain—10 percent chance of flooding in any given year • 25-year floodplain—2.5 percent chance of flooding in any given year • 100-year floodplain—1 percent chance of flooding in any given year • 500-year floodplain—0.2 percent chance of flooding in any given year Climate scientists predict that in the next few decades, climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of all storms that can cause flooding. Currently,floods are the most costly natural hazard in the United States, and climate change will only increase this damage. More information about the effect of Climate Change can be found in the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission's Climate Action Plan, available at www.sustainableknowledgecorridor.org. The Massachusetts State Climate Change Adaptation Report has additional information about the impact of climate change and can be accessed at www.mass.pov/eea/air-water-climate-change climate- change/climate-change-adaptation-report.html. Impact The town faces a "critical" impact, with 25 percent of property in the affected area damaged or destroyed,from flooding. Based on the town's median home value of$230,500 and an estimated 25 percent of damage to 100 percent of affected structures,the following are the estimated impacts from flooding: • River Road neighborhood (100-year floodplain) -370 structures,$21,321,250 • Lower Suffield Street-3 structures,$172,875 • Upper Suffield Street- no structures, no impact • North Street-4 structures,$230,500 • Leonard Pond- 15 structures, $864,375 The cost of repairing or replacing the roads, bridges, utilities, and contents of structures is not included in this estimate. Vulnerability Based on the above analysis, Agawam has a hazard index rating of"2- High Risk"for flooding. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 23 Severe Snowstorms / Ice Storms Hazard Description Severe winter storms can pose a significant risk to property and human life.The rain, freezing rain, ice, snow,cold temperatures and wind associated with these storms can cause the following risks: • Disrupted power and phone service • Unsafe roadways and increased traffic accidents • Infrastructure and other property are also at risk from severe winter storms and the associated flooding that can occur following heavy snow melt • Tree damage and fallen branches that cause utility line damage and roadway blockages • Damage to telecommunications structures • Reduced ability of emergency officials to respond promptly to medical emergencies or fires Location The entire town of Agawam is susceptible to severe snowstorms, making the location of occurrence "large," with over 50 percent of land affected.Agawam has also had specific problems in the following areas: • North Agawam,which has the oldest • Municipal buildings with flat roofs, trees in town including schools and DPW building • North Street • Poplar Street • North and South Westfield Street • Mill Street • Pine Street • Springfield Street • Agawam High School Extent The Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale(NESIS)developed by Paul Kocin of The Weather Channel and Louis Uccellini of the National Weather Service (Kocin and Uccellini, 2004)characterizes and ranks high-impact Northeast snowstorms.These storms have large areas of 10-inch snowfall accumulations and greater. NESTS has five categories: Extreme,Crippling, Major,Significant, and Notable.The index differs from other meteorological indices in that it uses population information in addition to meteorological measurements.Thus NESIS gives an indication of a storm's societal impacts. NESIS scores are a function of the area affected by the snowstorm,the amount of snow, and the number of people living in the path of the storm.The aerial distribution of snowfall and population information are combined in an equation that calculates a NESiS score which varies from around one for smaller storms to over ten for extreme storms.The raw score is then converted into one of the five NESIS categories.The largest NESIS values result from storms producing heavy snowfall over large areas that include major metropolitan centers. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 24 Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale Categories Category NESIS Value Description 1 1-2.499 Notable 2 2.5-3.99 Significant 3 4-5.99 Major 4 6-9.99 Crippling 5 10.0+ Extreme Source: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/snow-and-ice/rsi/nesis Previous Occurrences Agawam generally experiences at least one or two severe winter storms each year with varying degrees of severity. Severe winter storms typically occur during January and February; however,they can occur from late September through late May. Based on data available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,there are 47 winter storms since 1958 that have registered on the NESIS scale. Of these, approximately 26 storms resulted in snow falls in the Pioneer Valley of at least 10 inches.These storms are listed in the table on the next page, in order of their NESIS severity. It is important to note that this data averages snowfall over a region so that local impacts during a particular storm may not be reflected here. On October 30, 2011,an early winter storm dumped more than 1 foot of heavy wet snow. Because many trees still had leaves the snow load caused trees and limbs to fall, downing power and phone lines, and crippling travel. A town wide power outage left many without electricity for up to 5 days. Damage was severe and the town received FEMA funding to help recover. Approximately 186,000 cubic yards of debris was removed and hauled. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 25 Winter Storms Producing Over 1 inches of Snow in Agawam, 1958-2014 Date NESIS NESIS Category NESTS Classification Value 3/12/1993 13.2 5 Extreme 3/2/1960 8.77 4 Crippling 2/15/2003 7.5 4 Crippling 2/2/1961 7.06 4 Crippling 1/21/2005 6.8 4 Crippling 1/19/1978 6.53 4 Crippling 12/25/1969 6.29 4 Crippling 2/10/1983 6.25 4 Crippling 2/14/1958 6.25 4 Crippling 2/5/1978 5.78 3 Major 2/23/2010 5.46 3 Major 2/8/1994 5.39 3 Major 1/9/2011 5.31 3 Major 2/18/1972 4.77 3 Major 12/11/1960 4.53 3 Major 2/7/2013 4.35 3 Major 2/22/1969 4.29 3 Major 1/18/1961 4.04 3 Major 2/8/1969 3.51 2 Significant 2/5/1967 3.5 2 Significant 4/6/1982 3.35 2 Significant 3/4/2013 3.05 2 Significant 3/15/2007 2.54 2 Significant 3/31/1997 2.29 1 Notable 2/2/1995 1.43 1 Notable 1/25/1987 1.19 1 Notable Source: NOAA, http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/snow-and-ice/rsi/nesis Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 26 Probability of Future Events Based upon the availability of records for Hampshire County,there is a "high" frequency(40 to 70 percent probability in any given year) that a severe snow storm or ice storm will occur in Agawam. Research on climate change indicates that there is great potential for stronger, more frequent storms as the global temperature increases. More information about the effect of Climate Change can be found in the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission's Climate Action Plan, available at www.sustainableknowledgecorridor.ore. The Massachusetts State Climate Change Adaptation Report has additional information about the impact of climate change and can be accessed at www.mass.gov/eea air-water-climate-change/climate- chanee/climate-change-adaptation-rer)ort.html. Impact The impact of a potential severe snow storm or ice storm is "critical,"with more than 25 percent of property in the affected area damaged or destroyed. To approximate the potential impact to property and people that could be affected by this hazard,the total value of all property of$2,759,776,500 is used. An estimated 25 percent of damage would occur to 10 percent of structures, resulting in a total of$68,994,412 worth of damage.The cost of repairing or replacing the roads, bridges, utilities,and contents of structures is not included in this estimate. Vulnerability Based on the above assessment,Agawam faces a hazard index rating of"1-very high risk" from severe snowstorms and ice storms. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 27 Hurricanes/Tropical Storms Hazard Description Hurricanes are classified as cyclones and defined as any closed circulation developing around a low- pressure center in which the winds rotate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere(or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) and whose diameter averages 10 to 30 miles across.The primary damaging forces associated with these storms are high-level sustained winds and heavy precipitation. Hurricanes are violent rainstorms with strong winds that can reach speeds of up to 200 miles per hour and which generate large amounts of precipitation. Hurricanes generally occur between June and November and can result in flooding and wind damage to structures and above-ground utilities. Location Because of the hazard's regional nature, all of Agawam is at risk from hurricanes, meaning the location of occurrence is "large," or over 50 percent of land area affected. Ridge tops are more susceptible to wind damage.Areas susceptible to flooding are also likely to be affected by heavy rainfall. Extent As an incipient hurricane develops,barometric pressure (measured in millibars or inches) at its center falls and winds increase. If the atmospheric and oceanic conditions are favorable, it can intensify into a tropical depression. When maximum sustained winds reach or exceed 39 miles per hour,the system is designated a tropical storm,given a name, and is closely monitored by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida. When sustained winds reach or exceed 74 miles per hour the storm is deemed a hurricane. Hurricane intensity is further classified by the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which rates hurricane wind intensity on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the most intense. Saffir-Simpson Category Maximum Sustained Wind Speed (MPH) 1 74-95 Z 96-110 111-129 130-156 157 + Source: National Hurricane Center, 2012 Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Alan Update 2016 28 Previous Occurrences Hurricanes that have affected Agawam are shown in the following table. Tropical Storm Irene eroded a levy along the Westfield River that contains a sewer line, but otherwise storm impacts were minimal in Agawam. Major Hurricanes and Storms Affecting Agawam Hurricane/Storm Name Year Samar/Simpson Category (when reached MA) Great Hurricane of 1938 1938 3 Great Atlantic Hurricane 1944 1 Carol 1954 3 Edna 1954 1 Diane 1955 Tropical Storm Donna 1960 Unclear, 1 or 2 Groundhog Day Gale 1976 Not Applicable Gloria 1985 1 Bob 1991 2 Floyd 1999 Tropical Storm Irene 2011 Tropical Storm Sandy 2012 Super Storm Probability of Future Events Agawam's location in western Massachusetts reduces the risk of extremely high winds that are associated with hurricanes,although it can experience some high wind events. Based upon past occurrences, it is reasonable to say that there is a "low"frequency of hurricanes in Agawam,or a 1 to 10 percent chance in the next year. Climate change research indicates that storms like hurricanes will become more intense and more frequent in the future. So it also seems reasonable to say that there is a "moderate" probability of tropical storms in Agawam. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan update 2016 29 Impact A description of the damages that could occur due to a hurricane is described by the Saffir-Simpson scale,as shown below. Hurricane Damage Classifications Storm Damage Wind Speed Category Level Description of Damages (MPH) MINIMAL No real damage to building structures. Damage primarily to unanchored mobile homes, shrubbery, and trees. Also, some 1 Very dangerous winds will coastal flooding and minor pier damage. An 74-95 produce some damage example of a Category 1 hurricane is Hurricane Dolly(2008). MODERATE Some roofing material, door,and window damage. Considerable damage to vegetation, mobile homes, etc. Flooding damages piers 2 Extremely dangerous and small craft in unprotected moorings may 96-110 winds will cause extensive break their moorings.An example of a damage Category 2 hurricane is Hurricane Francis in 2004. EXTENSIVE Some structural damage to small residences and utility buildings, with a minor amount of curtain wall failures. Mobile homes are destroyed. Flooding near the coast destroys Devastating damage will smaller structures, with larger structures 111-129 occur damaged by floating debris. Terrain may be flooded well inland.An example of a Category 3 hurricane is Hurricane Ivan (2004). EXTREME More extensive curtain wall failures with some complete roof structure failure on small residences. Major erosion of beach areas. 130-156 Catastrophic damage will Terrain may be flooded well inland. An occur example of a Category 4 hurricane is Hurricane Charley (2004). Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings. Some complete building CATASTROPHIC failures with small utility buildings blown over or away. Flooding causes major damage to 157+ lower floors of all structures near the shoreline. Massive evacuation of residential areas may be Catastrophic damage will required.An example of a Category 5 hurricane occur is Hurricane Andrew(1992). Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 30 The impact of a hurricane would be "critical," with more than 25 percent of property in affected areas damaged or destroyed. To approximate the potential impact to property and people that could be affected by this hazard, the total value of all property of$2,759,776,500 is used. Wind damage of 5 percent to 10 percent of structures would result in an estimated $13,798,882 damage. Flood damage of 10 percent to 20 percent of structures would result in $55,195,530 of damage.The cost of repairing or replacing roads, bridges, utilities, and contents of structures is not included in this estimatE. Vulnerability Based on the above analysis, Agawam faces a hazard index rating of"2 - high risk"from hurricanes and tropical storms. Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 31 Severe Thunderstorms / Wind / Tornadoes/Microbursts A thunderstorm is a storm with lightning and thunder produced by a cumulonimbus cloud, usually producing gusty winds, heavy rain, and sometimes hail. Effective January 5, 2010,the NWS modified the hail size criterion to classify a thunderstorm as"severe"when it produces damaging wind gusts in excess of 58 mph (50 knots), hail that is 1 inch in diameter or larger(quarter size),or a tornado (NWS, 2013). Wind is air in motion relative to the surface of the earth. For non-tropical events over land,the NWS issues a Wind Advisory(sustained winds of 31 to 39 mph for at least 1 hour or any gusts 46 to 57 mph) or a High Wind Warning (sustained winds 40+ mph or any gusts 58+ mph). For tropical systems,the NWS issues a tropical storm warning for any areas (inland or coastal)that are expecting sustained winds from 39 to 73 mph.A hurricane warning is issued for any areas (inland or coastal)that are expecting sustained winds of 74 mph. Effects from high winds can include downed trees and/or power lines and damage to roofs,windows, etc. High winds can cause scattered power outages. High winds are also a hazard for the boating, shipping, and aviation industry sectors. Tornadoes are swirling columns of air that typically form in the spring and summer during severe thunderstorm events. In a relatively short period of time and with little or no advance warning, a tornado can attain rotational wind speeds in excess of 250 miles per hour and can cause severe devastation along a path that ranges from a few dozen yards to over a mile in width. The path of a tornado may be hard to predict because they can stall or change direction abruptly. Within Massachusetts,tornadoes have occurred most frequently in Worcester County and in communities west of Worcester. High wind speeds, hail,and debris generated by tornadoes can result in loss of life, downed trees and power lines, and damage to structures and other personal property. Microbursts are localized columns of sinking air(downdrafts)within a thunderstorm.Wind speeds in microbursts can reach up to 100 mph, or even higher, which is equivalent to an EF-1 tornado. They can can cause extensive damage at the surface,and in some instances, can be life-threatening. Microbursts occur when the large core of rain/hail held up in the thunderstorm through an updraft suddenly plummets to the ground. As it hits the ground it spreads in all directions, but the location where the microburst first hits the ground experiences the highest winds and greatest damage. Location As per the Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan,the entire town is at risk of high winds, severe thunderstorms, tornadoes,and microbursts. However, because the actual area affected by these hazards is usually quite isolated, the location of occurrence is "small," with less than 10 percent of land area affected. Extent An average thunderstorm is 15 miles across and lasts 30 minutes;severe thunderstorms can be much larger and longer. Southern New England typically experiences 10 to 15 days per year with severe thunderstorms. Thunderstorms can cause hail, wind, and flooding. Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Flan Update 2016 32 Tornadoes are measured using the enhanced F-Scale, shown with the following categories and corresponding descriptions of damage: Enhanced Fujita Scale Levels • Descriptions of EF-Scale Intensity 3-Second Gust N Type of Damage Done Number Phrase (MPH) Some damage to chimneys; breaks branches off trees; EFO Gale 65-85 pushes over shallow-rooted trees; damages to sign boards. The lower limit is the beginning of hurricane wind EF1 Moderate 86-110 speed; peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned; moving autos pushed off the roads; attached garages may be destroyed. Considerable damage. Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished; boxcars pushed over; large �EF2` Significant 111-135 trees snapped or uprooted; light object missiles generated. Severe 136-165 Roof and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains overturned; most trees in forest uprooted. well-constructed houses leveled; structures with weak Devastating 166-200 foundations blown off some distance;cars thrown and large missiles generated. Previous Occurrences Because thunderstorms and wind affect Agawam on an annual basis, there are not significant records available for these events.As per the Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan,there are approximately 10 to 30 days of thunderstorm activity in the state each year. There are typically 1 to 3 tornadoes somewhere in southern New England per year. Most occur in the late afternoon and evening hours,when the heating is the greatest. In the last fifty years,three known tornados have touched down in Agawam, and there have been several high-wind storms and hail events. One notable example occurred on October 3, 1979, when a tornado that reached category 4 (max. wind speeds 207-260 mph)tornado 4.1 miles away from the Agawam town center killed 3 people and injured 500 people and caused between $50,000,000 and $500,000,000 in damages.The tornado was likely less than category 4 when it reached Agawam. In June 2011 an EF3 tornado traveled from Westfield to Charlton, ripping its way through Agawam along the northern part of town, including Robinson Park. While neighboring towns had significant impacts from the tornado,Agawam escaped the event with minimal damage. In June of 2013,a microburst created two areas of straight line wind damage. One in the area of Harvey Johnson Drive downed several trees, damaging a few houses. The other produced more significant Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 33 damage around Meadow Street, uprooting 40 to 50 trees that damaged 6 to 8 vehicles. Estimated winds were 80 miles per hour. In 2006, a microburst occurred along River Road, which damaged nearby trees and homes. Probability of Future Events One measure of tornado activity is the tornado index value. It is calculated based on historical tornado events data using USA.com algorithms. It is an indicator of the tornado level in a region.A higher tornado index value means a higher chance of tornado events. Data was used for Hampden County to determine the Tornado Index Value as shown in the table below. Tornado index for Hampden County Hampden County 138.23 Massachusetts 87.60 United States 136.45 Source: USA.com htt p://www.usa.com/hamod en-county-ma-natural-disasters-extremes.htm Based upon the available historical record, as well as Agawam's location in a high-density cluster of state-wide tornado activity, it is reasonable to estimate that there is a "high" frequency of tornado occurrence in Agawam,with a 40 to 70 percent chance in any given year. As per the Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan,there are approximately 10 to 30 days of thunderstorm activity in the state each year. Therefore,the frequency for thunderstorms/winds is "high," with a 40 to 70 percent chance in any given year. Impact The potential for locally catastrophic damage is a factor in any tornado, severe thunderstorm, or wind event. In Agawam,a tornado that hit the residential areas would leave much more damage than a tornado with a travel path that ran along the town's forested uplands,where little settlement has occurred. Most buildings in the Town of Agawam have not been built to Zone 1, Design Wind Speed Codes.The first edition of the Massachusetts State Building Code went into effect on January 1, 1975, with most of the Town's housing built before this date. The estimated impact of a severe thunderstorm, wind,or tornado to Agawam is"limited," with more than 10 percent of affected property damaged or destroyed.To approximate the potential impact to property and people that could be affected by this hazard, the total value of all property in town, $2,759,776,500 is used. An estimated 20 percent of damage would occur to 10 percent of structures, resulting in a total of$55,195,530 worth of damage.The cost of repairing or replacing the roads, bridges, utilities,and contents of structures is not included in this estimate. Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 34 Vulnerability Based on the above assessment,Agawam has a hazard index rating of"3—medium risk" for severe thunderstorms,winds, and tornadoes. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 35 Wildfire / Brushfire Hazard Description Wildfires are typically larger fires, involving full-sized trees as well as meadows and scrublands. Brushfires are uncontrolled fires that occur in meadows and scrublands, but do not involve full-sized trees. Both wildfires fires and brushfires can consume homes,other buildings and/or agricultural resources. FEMA has classifications for 3 different classes of wildfires: • Surface fires are the most common type of wildland fire and burn slowly along the floor of a forest, killing or damaging trees • Ground fires burn on or below the forest floor and are usually started by lightening • Crown fires move quickly by jumping along the tops of trees. A crown fire may spread rapidly, especially under windy conditions The wildfire season in Massachusetts usually begins in late March and typically culminates in early June, corresponding with the driest live fuel periods of the year.April is historically the month in which wildfire danger is the highest. However, wildfires can occur every month of the year. Drought, snow pack,and local weather conditions can expand the length of the fire season.The early and late shoulders of the fire season usually are associated with human-caused fires. Location Hampden County has approximately 273,000 acres of forested land,which accounts for 67 percent of total land area. However, wildfire is unlikely to affect large areas of Agawam as most forest areas are fragmented.Areas on or near Provin Mountain and Robinson State Park are most at risk from wildfires. Due to the amount of timber within Robinson State Park, this 800-acre area has the potential to burn, especially during a drought season. The location of occurrence of a wildfire in Agawam is determined to be"small," with less than 10 percent of total land affected. Extent Wildfires can cause widespread damage to the areas that they affect.They can spread very rapidly, depending on local wind speeds and be very difficult to control. Fires can last for several hours up to several days.As of 1999,approximately 5,093 acres(33 percent)of Agawam is forested. There have not been any major wildfires recorded in Agawam. However, based on other major wildfires that have occurred in western Massachusetts, it is estimated that such a fire would likely destroy around 50 to 500 acres of forested area. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 36 Previous Occurrences Agawam has averaged 6 brushfires per year since 2008. No damage to structures or people was associated with these brushfires.There is no record of wildfires occurring in Agawam. There were 5 brushfires reported in Agawam in 2013. As a point of comparison,the Fire Department issued 654 burning permits to Agawam residents during that same year. During the past 100 years,there have not been many wildfires occurring in the Pioneer Valley. However, several have occurred during the past 20 years, as shown in the list below: 0 1995—Russell, 500 acres burned on Mt.Tekoa 0 2000—South Hadley, 310 acres burned over 14 days in the Litihia Springs Watershed 0 2001—Ware,400 acres burned 0 2010—Russell, 320 acres burned on Mt.Tekoa 0 2012—Eastern Hampden County,dry conditions and wind gusts created a brush fire in Brimfield, and burned 50 acres Wildland Fires in Massachusetts,2001-2009 -1T�_�i�- �� �i "�`-�:•• � •1,, �� � � �L`•}�"""" IAL WIdUmd Ayes , .� ;;, dcr Q -� - - zoos noon o 0 C/ n o 0 7 Source: Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 37 Probability of Future Events In accordance with the Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan, the Hazard Mitigation Committee found it is difficult to predict the likelihood of wildfires in a probabilistic manner because the number of variables involved. However, it was agreed upon'that there is a "very low" likelihood of a future wildfire event,with a less than 1 percent chance in any given year. Climate scenarios project summer temperature increases between 22C and 52C and precipitation decreases of up to 15 percent. Such conditions would exacerbate summer drought and further promote high-elevation wildfires, releasing stores of carbon and further contributing to the buildup of greenhouse gases. Forest response to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide—the so-called "fertilization effect"—could also contribute to more tree growth and thus more fuel for fires, but the effects of carbon dioxide on mature forests are still largely unknown. Hazard mitigation planning committee members also noted that active managed forestry seems to be on the decline on state and privately owned woodlands, including Provin Mountain In the future this could lead to greater incidence of fire. Impact The impact of this hazard is considered "minor," with minimal property damage. Vulnerability Based on the above assessment,Agawam faces a hazard index rating of"4- low risk"from wildfires and brushfires. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 38 Earthquakes Hazard Description An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the,ground that is caused by the breaking and shifting of rock beneath the Earth's surface. Earthquakes can occur suddenly,without warning,at any time of the year. New England experiences an average of 30 to 40 earthquakes each year although most are not noticed by people. Ground shaking from earthquakes can rupture gas mains and disrupt other utility service.They can also damage buildings, bridges and roads, and trigger other hazardous events such as avalanches,flash floods, dam failure,and fires. Un-reinforced masonry buildings, buildings with foundations that rest on filled land or unconsolidated, unstable soil, and mobile homes not tied to their foundations are most at risk during an earthquake. Location Because of the regional nature of the hazard,the entire Town of Agawam is susceptible to earthquakes. This makes the location of occurrence "large,"or over 50 percent of the total land area affected. Extent The magnitude of an earthquake is measured using the Richter Scale, which measures the energy of an earthquake by determining the size of the greatest vibrations recorded on the seismogram. On this scale,one step up in magnitude(from 5.0 to 6.0, for example) increases the energy more than 30 times. The intensity of an earthquake is measured using the Modified Mercalli Scale. This scale quantifies the effects of.an earthquake on the Earth's surface, humans, objects of nature, and man-made structures on a scale of I through XII,with I denoting a weak earthquake and XI denoting a earthquake that causes almost complete destruction. Richter Scale Magnitudes and Effects Magnitude Effects <3.5 Generally not felt,but recorded. 3.5-5.4 Often felt, but rarely causes damage. At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 kilometers across where people live. Major earthquake. Can cause serious damage over larger areas. Great earthquake. Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred kilometers across. Source:US Federal Emergency Management Agency Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 39 Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale for and Effects Corresponding Scale Intensity Description Of Effects Richter Scale Magnitude Instrumental Detected only on seismographs. Feeble Some people feel it. <4.2 Slight Felt by people resting; like a truck rumbling by. IV Moderate Felt by people walking. V Slightly Strong Sleepers awake;church bells ring. <4.8 Trees sway;suspended objects swing, < 5.4 VI Strong objects fall off shelves. VII Very Strong Mild alarm;walls crack; plaster fails. <6.1 Moving cars uncontrollable; masonry Vill Destructive fractures, poorly constructed buildings damaged. Some houses collapse;ground cracks; pipes IX Ruinous < 6.9 break open. Ground cracks profusely; many buildings Disastrous destroyed; liquefaction and landslides <7.3 widespread. Most buildings and bridges collapse; roads, Very Disastrous railways, pipes and cables destroyed; <8.1 general triggering of other hazards. Catastrophic Total destruction;trees fall; ground rises >8.1 and falls in waves. Source: US Federal Emergency Management Agency Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 40 Previous Occurrences The most recent earthquakes in the region are shown in the table below. Largest Earthquakes Affecting the Region, MA, 1924—2014 Location Date Magnitude Ossipee, NH December 20, 1940 5.5 Ossipee, NH December 24, 1940 5.5 Dover-Foxcroft, ME December 28, 1947 4.5 Kingston, Ri June 10, 1951 4.6 Portland, ME April 26, 1957 4.7 Middlebury, VT April 10, 1962 4.2 Near NH Quebec Border, NH June 15, 1973 4.8 West of Laconia, NH Jan. 19, 1982 4.5 Plattsburg, NY April 20, 2002 5.1 Bar Harbor, NH October 3,2006 4.2 Hollis Center, ME October 16, 2012 4.6 Source: Northeast States Emergency Consortium website,www.nesec.org/hazards/earthquakes.cfm New England States of Historic Earthquakes State Years of Record Number Of Earthquakes Connecticut 1668-2007 137 Maine 1766-2007 544 Massachusetts 1668- 2007 355 New Hampshire 1638-2007 360 Rhode Island 1776-2007 38 Vermont 1843-2007 73 New York 1840-2007 755 Total Number of Earthquakes within the New England states between 1638 and 1989 is 2262. Source: Northeast States Emergency Consortium, www.nesec.org/hazards/earthquakes.cfm The Agawam Hazard Mitigation Committee reports no effects from any of the earthquakes in the region in Agawam. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 41 Probability of Future Events One measure of earthquake activity is the Earthquake Index Value. It is calculated based on historical earthquake events data using USA.com algorithms. It is an indicator of the earthquake activity level in a region.A higher earthquake index value means a higher chance of earthquake events. Data was used for Hampden County to determine the Earthquake Index Value as shown in the table below. Earthquake Index for Hampden County Hampden County 0.24 Massachusetts 0.70 United States 1.81 Based upon existing records, there is a "low"frequency of earthquakes in Agawam with between a 1 to 10 percent chance of an earthquake occurring in any given year. Impact Massachusetts introduced earthquake design requirements into their building code in 1975 and improved building code for seismic reasons in the 1980s. However,these specifications apply only to new buildings or to extensively-modified existing buildings. Buildings, bridges, water supply lines, electrical power lines and facilities built before the 1980s may not have been designed to withstand the forces of an earthquake. The seismic standards have also been upgraded with the 1997 revision of the State Building Code. The impact incurred from an earthquake would be"catastrophic," with more than 50 percent of- property in the affected area damaged or destroyed.To approximate the potential impact to property and people that could be affected by this hazard, the total value of all property in town of $2,759,776,500 is used.An estimated 100 percent of damage would occur to 20 percent of structures, resulting in a total of$551,955,300 worth of damage. The cost of repairing or replacing roads, bridges, utilities, and the contents of structures is not included in this estimate. Vulnerability Based on this analysis,Agawam faces a hazard index rating of"4-low risk"from earthquakes. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 42 Dam Failure Hazard Description Dams, levees, and their associated impoundments can provide important benefits to a community, including water supply, recreation, hydroelectric power generation,and flood control. However, they also pose a potential risk to fives and property. Dam or levee failure is not a common occurrence, but dams do represent a potentially disastrous hazard. When a dam fails,the potential energy of the stored water behind the dam is released rapidly. Most dam failures occur when floodwaters overtop and erode the material components of the dam. Many dams in Massachusetts were built during the 19th century without the benefit of modern engineering design and construction oversight. Dams of this age can fail because of structural problems due to age and/or lack of proper maintenance, as well as from structural damage caused by an earthquake or flooding. The Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation's Office of Dam Safety is responsible for regulating dams in the state (M.G.L. Chapter 253, Section 44 and the implementing regulations 302 CMR 10.00). Dams regulated by the Office of Dam Safety must be in excess of 6 feet in height (regardless of storage capaTown) and have more than 15 acre feet of storage capaTown (regardless of height). Dams that fall below these parameters are known as non jurisdictional dams. Hydropower dams, such as the West Springfield Dam/Strathmore Paper Co. Dam, are typically regulated through licensing they obtain through the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Dam safety regulations enacted in 2005 transferred significant responsibilities for dams from the State of Massachusetts to dam owners. The financial burden associated with these responsibilities can vary greatly,depending on the number of dams for which an owner is responsible, and the dam's condition and hazard index rating. A hazard index rating(see description of this rating in "Extent"section below) brings with it different requirements related to frequency of inspections by engineers and the need for development of emergency action plans. With these inspections,a dam determined to be in poor or unsafe condition can involve very costly repairs. In January 2013,the Governor signed into law additional provisions to promote greater dam safety by: 1. extending the requirement of emergency action plans to significant hazard dams(in addition to high hazard dams); 2. strengthening the authority of the Office of Dam Safety by increasing fines for non compliance;and 3. establishing the Dam and Sea Wall Repair and Removal Fund, an annual grant and loan program available to dam owners. As of March 2015, it is noted on the Office of Dam Safety website, " Prior to implementation of the legislated changes, regulations must be drafted, reviewed and promulgated. Draft regulations will be made available for public comment as part of the promulgation process. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 43 Location Agawam has 12 dams located on private and public land. It is important to note that while the Provin Mountain facility meets the definition of a dam, it is not a dam in the traditional sense. It consists of four water storage tanks with 60 million gallon capacity on Provin Mountain. There are agricultural exemptions that make some dams non-jurisdictional, meaning the state cannot require an inspection report. Dams in Agawam ID# Dam Hazard Index Emergency Action Rating Plan MA00528 Provin Mountain High 10/1/14 Reservoir Dam MA00066 Silver Lake Dam Significant Will be required with new regulations MA00611 West Springfield Dam/Strathmore Low Not Required (NR) Paper Co.Dam MA01813 Mawaga Dam Low NR MA01333 Nine Lot Dam Low NR MA01811 Rising Dam (Leonard) Low NR MA02527 Robinson Pond Dam Low NR MA00527 West Springfield Fish & Game Club Low NR Dam MA01812 Didonato Dam Non NR jurisdictional MA02686 Zerra Dam Non NR jurisdictional MA00526 Provost Dam Non NR jurisdictional MA01810 Gogulski Dam Non NR jurisdictional Source:Based on periodic and partial updates to PVPC's dams data base from the Massachusetts Office of Dom Safety. A series of dams including the Didonato, Zerra, Provost,West Springfield Fish &Game Club, and Silver Lake (listed from upstream to down) are located in a series and a failure at any upstream dam would be likely to cause the failure of downstream dams enlarging the extent of damage from any individual dam. It is also important to consider and plan for the potential critical failure of facilities on Provin Mountain and Cobble Mountain. Located in the town of Blandford, Cobble Mountain Reservoir is owned by the Springfield Water and Sewer Commission and is the main water supply for the municipalities of Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 44 Agawam, Springfield, Ludlow, East Longmeadow, and Longmeadow. Water from Cobble Mountain is treated at the West Parish Water Filtration Plant in Westfield and then piped and stored in the four storage tanks on Provin Mountain in Agawam, as mentioned above. A breech in the dam on Cobble Mountain Reservoir, and/or any damage to the water tanks on Provin Mountain would have a catastrophic effect. Based on this analysis,a dam failure is estimated to affect 10 to 50 percent of land in Agawam, meaning that the location of occurrence is"medium." Extent Often dam breaches lead to catastrophic consequences as the water ultimately rushes in a torrent downstream flooding an area engineers refer to as an "inundation area."The number of casualties and the amount of property damage will depend upon the timing of the warning provided to downstream residents, the number of people living or working in the inundation area, and the number of structures in the inundation area. Dams in Massachusetts are assessed according to their risk to life and property through a hazard index rating-a level of risk determined by the likelihood that a dam failure (an uncontrolled release of impounded water) would result in loss of life or substantial property damage.The state's hazard index ratings for dams are: • High Hazard: a dam located where structural failure will likely cause loss of life and serious damage to homes, industrial or commercial facilities, essential public utilities, main highways,or railroads. • Significant Hazard: a dam located where structural failure may cause loss of life and damage to homes, industrial or commercial facilities,secondary highways or railroads or interruption of use or service of relatively important facilities. • Low Hazard: a dam located where structural failure may cause minimal property damage and loss of life is not expected. Previous Occurrences There has been one recorded dam failure in Agawam in 1955. There are no records indicating the damage associated with the failure and this dam was not rebuilt. Probability of Future Events As Agawam's dams age, and if maintenance is deferred,the likelihood of a dam failure will increase. However, the current frequency of a dam failure is "low,"with a 1 to 10 percent chance in any given year. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 45 With the more frequent larger storm events in the northeastern United States, dams will be tested and dam failure may increase in likelihood.' The extreme storm flows produced by Tropical Storm Irene in 2011,for example, led to the failure of at least two dams in the Pioneer Valley region. An unnamed private dam in Blandford failed, sending a surge of water downstream to inundate and damage nearby roads. At the Granville Reservoir Dam owned by the Town of Westfield, the spillway failed when waters overwhelmed and then undermined the structure. Since then,the Town of Westfield has had to spend $3 million in repairs and improvements to the dam and spillway. These storm events raise questions about dams and their current capaTown to pass more frequent extreme flows. Poor condition dams in the region—as may have been the case in Blandford—will certainly be tested, but so will other dams—such as the Granville Reservoir Dam, which was reportedly in fair condition at the time of the storm. Where a dam is no longer providing a specific beneficial function,such as water supply or power generation, it makes sense to focus resources on removal to avoid what could be the larger costs of damages in the wake of a failure. Throughout the state,there have been some 38 dam removal projects in the past 8 years,with permitting and costs decreasing as professionals, local boards, and state agencies gain more experience with design, permitting, and construction. Within the Pioneer Valley, there is a good recent example of a dam removal in Pelham along Amethyst Brook that can help inform other local projects going forward. The project in Pelham involved removing the 20-foot high/170-foot wide significant hazard Bartlett Rod Shop Co. Dam. Located upstream of West Pelham Road and Route 9, the dam was in poor repair and estimated costs to bring it to good condition were$300,000. Removal, funded through a combination of grants, cost a total of$193,000, and involved a coalition that included the Massachusetts Department of Fish &Game,and the Pelham and Amherst conservation commissions. Impact The impact from a dam failure in Agawam would be "critical," with more than 25 percent of property in affected areas damaged or destroyed. To approximate the potential impact,the total value of all property in town,$2,759,776,500 is used.An estimated 100 percent of damage would occur to 20 percent of structures, resulting in a total of $551,955,300 worth of damage.The cost of repairing or replacing roads, bridges, utilities,and the contents of structures is not included in this estimate. Vulnerability Based on this analysis, Agawam faces a hazard index rating of"3—medium risk"from dam failure. 1 A study examining climate records,found that New England has experienced the greatest change,with intense rainstorms and snowstorms now happening 85 percent more often than in 1948. This study also found that the biggest rainstorms and snowstorms are getting bigger. Extreme downpours are more frequent and more intense. See: When it Rains,it Pours:Global Warming and the increase in Extreme Participation from 1948 to 2011, Environment America Research&Policy Center,Summer 2012. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 46 Drought Hazard Description Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate. It occurs almost everywhere, although its features vary from region to region. In the most general sense, drought originates from a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time, resulting in a water shortage for some activity,group,or environmental sector. Reduced crop, rangeland, and forest productivity; increased fire hazard; reduced water levels; increased livestock and wildlife mortality rates; and damage to wildlife and fish habitat are a few examples of the direct impacts of drought.These impacts can have far-reaching effects throughout the region. Location Because of this hazard's regional nature, a drought would impact the entire town, meaning the location of occurrence is"large," or over 50 percent of total land area affected. Extent The U.S. Drought Monitor records information on historical drought occurrence. Unfortunately,data could only be found at the state level.The U.S. Drought Monitor categorizes drought on a DO-D4 scale as shown below. U.S. Drought Monitor Classification 1 Category Description Going into drought:short-term dryness slowing planting,growth DO Abnormally Dry of crops or pastures. Coming out of drought:some lingering water deficits;}pastures or crops not fully recovered Some damage to crops, pastures; streams, reservoirs,or wells Di Moderate Drought low,some water shortages developing or imminent;voluntary water-use restrictions requested Crvp or pasture lassesjlikely,«water shortagesicommon,lwater D2 Seve`rell l) h# � SFlmposed Exceptional and widespread . . losses,- shortages of D4 Exceptional Drought water in reservoirs, • wells creating watec emergencies Source:US Drought Monitor, http://droughtmonitor.uni.edu/class!fV.htm Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 47 Previous Occurrences In Agawam,six major droughts have occurred statewide since 1930.They range in severity and length, from three to eight years. In many of these droughts,water-supply systems were found to be inadequate. Water was piped in to urban areas, and water-supply systems were modified to permit withdrawals at lower water levels.The following table indicates previous occurrences of drought since 2000, based on the US Drought Monitor: AgawamAnnual Drought Status in Year Maximum Severity 2000 No drought 2001 D2 conditions in 21°%of the state 2002 D2 conditions in 99%of the state 2003 No drought 2004 DO conditions in 44%of the state 2005 D1 conditions in 7%of the state 2006 DO conditions in 98%of the state 2007 D1 conditions in 71%of the state 2008 DO conditions in 57%of the state 2009 DO conditions in 44%of the state 2010 D1 conditions in 27%of the state 2011 DO conditions in 0.01%of the state 2012 D2 conditions in 51%of the state Source:US Drought Monitor Agawam has not been affected by any previous droughts in the state. Probability of Future Events In Agawam,as in the rest of the state,the frequency of drought is "moderate,"with a 10 to 40 percent chance in any given year. Based on past events and current criteria outlined in the Massachusetts Drought Management Plan, it appears that western Massachusetts may be more vulnerable than eastern Massachusetts to severe drought conditions. However, many factors, such as water supply sources, population,economic factors (i.e., agriculture based economy), and infrastructure, may affect the severity and length of a drought event. When evaluating the region's risk for drought on a national level, utilizing a measure called the Palmer Drought Severity Index, Massachusetts is historically in the lowest percentile for severity and risk of drought. However,global warming and climate change may have an effect on drought risk in the region. With the projected temperature increases,some scientists think that the global hydrological cycle will also intensify.This would cause, among other effects,the potential for more severe, longer- lasting droughts. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 48 Palmer Drought Severity Index 1896-1995 Percent of tim a in severe and extr•em a drought a r % of time PDSI < 3 Less than 6% 1 5%to 9.99% 15% to 19.9% 20% or grater Impact Due to the water richness of western Massachusetts,Agawam is unlikely to be adversely affected by anything other than a major, extended drought. While such a drought would require water saving measures to be implemented, there would be no foreseeable damage to structures or loss of life resulting from the hazard. Because of this,the Hazard Mitigation Committee has determined the impact from this hazard to be "minor,"with minimal damage to people and property. Vulnerability Based on the above assessment,Agawam has a hazard index rating of"4- low risk" from drought. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 49 Other Hazards In addition to the hazards identified above, the Hazard Mitigation Committee reviewed the full list of hazards listed in the Massachusetts Hazard Mitigation Plan. Due to the location and context of Agawam, coastal erosion, landslides,and tsunamis were determined to not be a threat. Extreme temperatures,while identified in the State Hazard Mitigation Plan (2013),was determined by the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Committee to not currently be a primary hazard to people, property,or critical infrastructure in Agawam.While extreme temperatures can result in increased risk of wildfire, this effect is addressed as part of the "Wildfire/Brushfire" hazard assessment.The Hazard Mitigation Committee will continue to assess the impact of extreme temperature and update the Hazard Mitigation Plan accordingly. The Committee noted that Tennessee Gas' natural gas pipeline that extends across the southern part of town from east to west presents a hazard in itself. It is understood that gas is transmitted through the pipeline at 800 pounds per square inch. The severity of an event based on anyone of the hazards noted above would increase greatly if it were to impact the pipeline in any way. Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 50 Page left blank intentionally. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 51 4: CRITICAL FACILITIES A Critical Facility is defined as a building, structure,or location which: • Is vital to the hazard response effort • Maintains an existing level of protection from hazards for community residents and property • Would create a secondary disaster if a hazard were to impact it The Critical Facilities List for the Town of Agawam has been identified utilizing a Critical Facilities List provided by the State Hazard Mitigation Officer. Agawam's Hazard Mitigation Committee has broken up this list of facilities into three categories: • Facilities needed for emergency response in the event of a hazard event. • Facilities identified as non-essential and not required in an emergency response event, but which are considered essential for the everyday operation of the town. • Facilities or institutions that include special populations which would need additional attention in the event of a hazard event. The critical facilities and evacuation routes potentially affected by hazard areas are identified following this list. The Past and Potential Hazards/Critical Facilities Map (Appendix D)also identifies these facilities. Category 1 —Emergency Response Services The Town has identified the Emergency Response Facilities and Services as the highest priority in regards to protection from natural hazards. I. Emergency Operations Center Emergency Management Office—1000 Suffield Street 2. Fire Station Agawam Fire Department Headquarters—800 Main Street Fire Station#2--1200 Springfield Street 3. Police Station Agawam Police Department—681 Springfield Street 4. Highway Garage Department of Public Works Headquarters-1000 Suffield Street S. Water Department Department of Public Works Headquarters-1000 Suffield Street 6. Emergency Fuel Stations Department of Public Works Headquarters-1000 Suffield Street Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 52 7. Emergency Electrical Power Facility(with emergency back-up generators) Agawam Senior Center—954 Main Street Department of Public Works Headquarters-1000 Suffield Street Town Hall—36 Main Street(to come) Police Station—681 Springfield Street Fire Station—800 Main Street Fire Station#12—1200 Springfield Street Agawam Junior High School—1305 Springfield Street(generator for lights only) Agawam Middle School/Roberta G. Doering School —68 Main Street(generator for lights only) S. Emergency Shelters Agawam Senior Center—954 Main Street Agawam Junior High School—1305 Springfield Street Agawam Middle School/Roberta G. Doering School—68 Main Street 9. Dry Hydrants-Fire Ponds-Water Sources None 10. Transfer Station None 11. Utilities Electrical Substations—Silver Street, Moylan Drive, Springfield Street Tennessee Gas Pipeline-across southern part of town from east to west Verizon Switch Station —Rowley Street Provin Mountain Water Tanks- Provin Mountain 12. Helicopter Landing Sites Tennessee Gas —1615 Suffield Street Industrial Lane —80Industrial Lane High School-760 Copper Street 13. Communications MEMA Antenna, 1000 Suffield Street Police 911 14. Primary Evacuation Routes Route 57 Southwick Street (Route 57) Route 75 (Suffield Street) Route 187 (Pine Street, South Westfield Street, North Westfield Street) Route 147(Springfield Street) Route 159 (Main Street) Route 5 15. Bridges Located on Evacuation Routes Morgan-Sullivan Bridge—Springfield,Suffield and Main Streets Julia Buxton Memorial Bridge—Route 5 North Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 53 Strathmore Bridge—Bridge and River Streets Category 2 —Non Emergency Response Facilities The town has identified these facilities as non-emergency facilities; however, they are considered essential for the everyday operation of Agawam. 1. Water Supply Cobble Mountain Reservoir(Towns of Blandford and Granville) Provin Mountain Storage Reservoir Water Transmission Lines(3)from Provin Mountain (60",42", S4/48") Water Pump Stations: Halladay Drive 2. Sewer Infrastructure(Pump Stations)- all have back-up generators Water Treatment Plant—188 M. Street 983 River Road 380 River Road Hendon Drive Losito Lane 233 Main Street(rear HP Hood Inc.) North Street 895 N.Westfield Street 100 Pleasant Valley Road Riverview Avenue School Street South Street Valley Street 3. Problem Culverts Suffield Street at Worthington Brook North Street at White Brook f Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 54 Category 3 — Facilities/Populations to Protect The third category contains people and facilities that need to be protected in event of a disaster. 1. Special Needs Population None 2. Elderly Housing/Assisted Living Atrium—153 Cardinal Drive Colonial Haven—Colonial Haven Drive Country Estates Partnership— 1200 Suffield Street Country View Apartments—N.Westfield Street Danahy School House—51 Maple Street Heritage Hail East—464 Main Street Heritage Hall North—55 Cooper Street Heritage Hall South—100 Harvey Johnson Drive Heritage Hall West—61 Cooper Street Meadowbrook Manor—66 Meadowbrook Manor Pheasant Hill Estates—S. West Street Quail Run Estates—50 Cardinal Drive 3. Recreation Areas Agawam Municipal Golf Course—128 Southwick Street Crestview Country Club—281 Shoemaker Lane Oak Ridge Golf Club—850 S. Westfield Street Perry Lane Park—107 Perry Lane Robinson State Park—428 North Street School Street Park-511 School Street Six Flags New England—1623 Main Street St.Anne Country Club—781 Shoemaker Lane 4. Schools Agawam Middle School/Roberta G. Doering School -68 Main Street Agawam Junior High School- 1305 Springfield Street Agawam High School-760 Cooper Street Bambi Nursery School—22 Vernon Street Benjamin J. Phelps School-689 Main Street Clifford M. Granger School-31 South Westfield Street Department of Special Education -760 Cooper Street Early Childhood Center- 108 Perry Lane James Clark School- 65 Oxford Street Kid's Place Pre-School—901 Springfield Street Pam's Place Child Care Center—605 Springfield Street Robinson Park School-65 Begley Street Smart Start Pre-School(F.H.Congregational Church)—21 N. Westfield Street Westfield Head Start—733 Main Street S. Churches Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 55 Agawam Church of the Bible—335 Walnut Street Ext. Agawam Congregational Church—745 Main Street Agawam United Methodist Church—459 Mill Street Bethany Assembly of God—580 Main Street Church of Redemption—74 Bridge Street Faith Bible Church—370 Shoemaker Lane First Baptist Church—760 Main Street Greater Springfield Korean Church—22 Hunt Street Kingdom Hall—N.Westfield Street Lighthouse Christian Center—522 Springfield Street Sacred Heart Church -1065 Springfield Street St.John's Church—823 Main Street Valley Community Church—152 South Westfield Street 6. Historic Buildings/Sites Agawam Center Historic District(24-196 Elm St.; 551-1008 Main St.) Capt. Charles Leonard House—663 Main Street Puchase-Ferre House—1289 Main Street Thomas and Esther Smith House—251 North West Street 7. Apartment Complexes(over 8 units) Coach Light Apartments—Beldon Court(88) Elizabeth Manor—238 Maple Street (40) Gramacy Park Apartments—156 Suffield Street(32) Hale Haven Apartments—21 River Road (12) Hallmark Apartments—24 Dwight Street (38) Hillside Apartments—49 North Street(8) Lamplighter Apartments—. 23-42 Amherst Avenue (87) Lantern Court Apartments—438 Springfield Street(16) Maple Garden Apartments(Sutton Place)--191 Maple Street(96) Meadow House Apartments—408-410 Meadow Street (36) Mill House Apartments—643 Suffield Street(32) Pheasant Hill Village—Pheasant Hill Drive (200) Rivervista Apartments—110 through 122 Main Street(52) Riviera Apartments—Riviera Drive (120) Royal Lane Apartments—415 Springfield Street (10) Shibley Court Apartments—33 Norman Terrace (119) Stockade Apartments—619 Springfield Street(10) Town Crier Apartments--873 Springfield Street(28) Village Apartments—65-67 Bridge Street(20) Country Manor(Village Arms Apartments)—59-63 South Westfield Street (60) Walnut Hill Apartments—21 Dwight Street (22) William Pynchon Apartments— 336 Meadow Street(10) William Pynchon Apartments— 338 Meadow Street (50) William Pynchon Apartments— 350 Meadow Street(10) Worthy Mills-5 Walnut Street(12) S. Condominium Developments (over 8 units) Beekman Place Estates—430 Main Street Castle Hills—133 Silver Lane Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 56 Corey Colonial—60 Corey Street Heritage—418 Meadow Street Longbrook Estates—1485 Suffield Street Mansion Woods—562 Suffield Street Maple View Commons-232 Garden Street Northfield Common—420 Main Street Overlook—Autumn Street Plantation—School Street Regency—391 Meadow Street Sheri Lane—Sheri Lane 9. Employment Centers Six Flags New England (seasonal)—1623 Main Street Country Estates of Agawam—1200 Suffield Street HP Hood Inc.—233 Main Street Genesis Health Care—462 Main Street Heritage Hall East—464 Main Street Heritage Hail North—55 Cooper Street Heritage Hall South—100 Harvey Johnson Drive Heritage Hall West—61 Cooper Street Olympic Manufacturing Group—153 Bowles Road Simmons Co.—320 Bowles Road 10. Camps Perry Lane Summer Camp 11. Mobile Home Parks 72-74 Springfield Street Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 57 MITIGATION CAPABILITIES STRATEGIES One of the steps of this Hazard Mitigation Plan update process is to evaluate all of the Town's existing policies and practices related to natural hazards and identify potential gaps in protection.Agawam's local Hazard Mitigation Committee worked with PVPC to complete a Capability Assessment using the , FEMA Capability Assessment Worksheet as a guide. Agawam has most of the no cost or low cost hazard mitigation capabilities in place. Land use zoning, subdivision regulations and an array of specific policies and regulations that include hazard mitigation best practices, such as limitations on development in floodplains, stormwater management, tree maintenance, etc.Agawam also has appropriate staff dedicated to hazard mitigation-related work for a community its size, including an involved Mayor,an Emergency Management Director,a professionally run Department of Public Works,a Building Inspector,a Planner,and a Tree Warden,and Agawam has recommended plans in place, including a Master Plan, an Open Space and Recreation Plan, and a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Not only does Agawam have these capabilities in place, but they are also deployed for hazard mitigation as appropriate.The Town also has very committed and dedicated volunteers who serve on Boards and Committees and in Volunteer positions.The Town collaborates closely with surrounding communities and is party to Mutual Aid agreements through the MEMA. Agawam is also an active member community of the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) and can take advantage of no cost local technical assistance as needed provided by the professional planning staff at the PVPC. Agawam's most obvious hazard mitigation need is for federal funds to implement prioritized actions. While Agawam is a well-managed fiscally sound Town, it is not a wealthy community and with state constraints on municipalities raising their own funds,Agawam has very limited financial resources to invest in costly hazard mitigation measures. Agawam is, however, committed to locally matching all HMGP grants received. After reviewing existing policies and the hazard identification and assessment,the local Hazard Mitigation Committee developed a set of hazard mitigation strategies it would like to implement. The Town of Agawam has developed the following goal to serve as a framework for mitigation of the hazards identified in this plan. Goal Statement, ,. ,,To minimize the loss of life, damage to property,and the disruption of governor ntal services and general business activities due to the following hazards-#hooding, severe sno storms/ice storms severe thunderstorms,hurricanes,tornadoes,` hfire earthquakes; dam-failures, and drought. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 58 Overview of Mitigation Capabilities by Hazard An overview of the general concepts underlying mitigation strategies for each of the hazards identified in this plan is as follows: Flooding The key factors in flooding are the water capaTown of water bodies and waterways,the regulation of waterways by flood control structures, and the preservation of flood storage areas and wetlands. As more land is developed, more flood storage is demanded of the town's water bodies and waterways. The Town of Agawam currently addresses this problem with a variety of mitigation tools and strategies. Flood-related regulations and strategies are included in the Town's zoning bylaw and subdivision regulations,such as ensuring adequate driveway drainage, restricting development in the floodplain, requiring drainage easements where applicable for subdivisions,and following the Wetlands Protection Act.The Town also participates in the National Flood Insurance Program. Severe Snowstorms/Ice Storms The Town's current mitigation strategy is to restrict the location and height of telecommunications facilities.To the extent that some of the damages from a winter storm can be caused by flooding, flood protection mitigation measures also assist with severe snowstorms and ice storms.The State Building Code provides minimum snow load requirements for roofs,that also assist in mitigation of severe snow storms and ice storms.Additionally,the Town works with the Western Massachusetts Energy Company to identify and prune trees near power lines, which reduces the potential of power outages caused by falling branches. Hurricanes The flooding associated with hurricanes can be a major source of damage to buildings, infrastructure and a potential threat to human lives. Flood protection measures can thus also be considered hurricane mitigation measures.The high winds that often accompany hurricanes can also damage buildings and infrastructure,similar to tornadoes and other strong wind events. Meeting the requirements of the State Building code also reduce damages from hurricanes. Severe Thunderstorms/Winds/Tornadoes Most damage from tornadoes and severe thunderstorms come from high winds that can fell trees and electrical wires, as well as generate hurtling debris. Adherence to the Massachusetts Building Code is a primary current mitigation strategy. Wildfires/ Brushfires Residents must notify the Fire Department when they plan to have a controlled burn on their property. In addition, the Town conducts local outreach to schools about fire safety. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 59 Earthquakes Most buildings and structures in the state were constructed without specific earthquake resistant design features. However,the State Building Code helps maintain the structural integrity of structures and helps to mitigate earthquakes. Dam Failure The mitigation measures currently in place focus on regular inspections and permitting process required by the Massachusetts DCR. Drought The Town regularly inspects its water system to identify and repair leaks. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 60 Existing Mitigation Capabilities The Town of Agawam currently has a variety of mitigation capabilities put in place that existed prior to the previous Hazard Mitigation Plan. These strategies are listed on the following pages and have been evaluated in the "Effectiveness" column. Existing Mitigation Capabilities Existing Action Description Hazards Mitigated Effectiveness potential Changes State Building Code Agawam continues to follow the Massachusetts State All hazards Effective None Building Code. A list of DPW emergency contacts and personnel on duty each weekend is readily available so that in the case of an Standby personnel urgent problem with sewer,water,highway, parks and All hazards Effective None grounds,etc.,police or fire can make contact and the appropriate personnel will respond quickly to the scene. Town uses Facebook,Twitter,and its web page to get Social media information out about coming hazards,including road All hazards Effective None closures and any information put out by National Weather Service and MEMA. Vehicle and equipment Town has crew that can repair town vehicle or equipment at All hazards Effective None repair crew any time of day or night as needed. As of June 18,2008,the Town of Agawam has been StormReady Community recognized as a StormReady community by the National All hazards Effective None Weather Service. New development projects must maintain pre-development Anticipate Agawam Stormwater revisions based Management Ordinance Peak Stormwater discharge rates,reducing the possibility of on complying flooding. Redevelopment projects must meet Stormwater Flooding Effective (Ch. 175-35):Peak standards to the maximum extent practicable and at the with forthcoming Discharge very least be designed to improve existing conditions. EPA NPDES Small MS4 permit Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 61 CapabilitiesExisting Mitigation Existing Action Description Hazards Mitigated Effectiveness Potential Changes The DPW routinely clears and inspects outfalls to reduce inspections will Culvert clearing and chances of drainage blockages that would cause localized Floodin Effective likely increase outfall inspections flooding. This includes follow up on any complaints relative g with forthcoming to the stormwater drainage system. Small MS4 permit Agawam Zoning Site plan must delineate adjacent topography,wetlands, Ordinance: waterways,and floodplains,as well as erosion control,and Flooding Effective None Site Plan Review drainage infrastructure. Any changes to Agawam Zoning Areas delineated as part of the 100-year floodplain are FEMA flood maps Ordinance:Floodplain protected by strict use regulations that prevent structures Flooding Effective will be Zone from being constructed that will be damaged by flooding. incorporated into regulation. Wetlands Ordinance Town enforces the standards established by Wetlands Flooding Effective None Protection Act. Participation in the The Town current) Town to stay p y participates in the National Flood any updated with National Flood Insurance Insurance Program,which includes enforcing the Flooding Effective changes Program requirements of the Floodplain Zone. to Floodplain maps. Agawam Subdivision The Town recommends that building lots,beyond setback area,shall not drain to roadways and be managed insofar as Flooding/Severe Regulations Effective None (Ch.159,Sec. 12) possible,within the lots themselves by the use of swales, Snowstorms/Ice storms yard drains,etc. Agawam Roadway Design The Town recommends that roads within all new Severe Snowstorms/Ice Recommendations subdivision developments have a maximum road grade of 8 storms Effective None percent. Complaints to DPW/Tree Warden are forwarded immediately to EverSource/WMECO,which has become Tree Management extremely aggressive in addressing tree issues relative to Severe snowstorms ice Effective None utility lines since the problems with the October ice storm in storms 2011. Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 62 CapabilitiesExisting Mitigation Existing Action Description Hazards Mitigated Effectiveness Potential Changes Agawam Zoning The Town has a Wireless Telecommunications Overlay' Severe Snowstorms/Ice Regulations:Wireless District for cell phone towers that restricts towers to storms Hurricane Effective None Communication District specific locations in town through special permit Severe Thunderstorm/ (Chapter 180-94) application. Wind/Tornado Zoning Regulations: Hurricane Mobile Homes Mobile homes are prohibited in all zoning districts. Severe Thunderstorm/ Effective None Wind/Tornado Burning Permits Residents are required to obtain a burning permit from the Wildfire/Brushfire Effective None Town in order to have a controlled burn on their property. Subdivision Review: The Fire Department is involved in the review of subdivision Fire Safety plans to ensure design does not increase risk of wildfire or Wildfire/Brushfire Effective None brushfire. Department of Public Works has planning map for road Winter road management plowing,sanding, and salting with 15 different routes Severe snowstorms/ice planning through Town. Mapping helps with deployment and storms Effective None coordination of town and hired contractors during major winter storms. Interdepartmental in advance of severe winter storms, Mayor calls meeting to Severe snowstorms/ice Effective None coordination facilitate coordination among all Town departments. storms Agawam has town-wide notification system(Blackboard Mass notification system Connect)to let people know about parking bans during Severe snowstorms/ice Effective None severe winter storms storms Identification and The Department of Public Works routinely inspects and Reduction of Water repairs water system leaks. Drought Effective None System Leaks Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 63 Deleted/Completed Mitigation Strategies The Town of Agawam has decided not to pursue certain mitigation strategies that were identified in the previous version of its Hazard Mitigation Plan.These deleted strategies,as well as the reason for their deletion,are indicated in the table below. In addition,some of the strategies from the previous plan have been completed.These are also described below. Deleted/ Existing Action Description Hazards Mitigated Reason for Deletion Potential Changes Flood Control There are twelve dams in Agawam that assist in flood The 12 dams in Agawam are not Structures control. Flood operated for flood control Subdivision There are only 1 to 2 wells in Town as Regulations:Water Water supply wells for subdivision applications require Drought most of the municipality is serviced by Supply percolation test approval to ensure proper functioning. supply from Cobble Mountain Town Hall Emergency Install new emergency electrical backup generators at Town All Hazards Complete Back-up Generator Hall—36 Main Street. Town has agreement with PVTA to provide residents with Evacuation Plan bus transportation to emergency shelters or to evacuate All Hazards Complete parts of town if needed. Police,fire, DPW,and EMD have developed a protocol to Emergency personnel Severe snowstorms/Ice mobilization transport emergency personnel to areas of town as needed storms Complete during severe winter storms. Town has established a plan to rent or borrow large pumps Flooding, Hurricanes, Flood control pumps Complete and piping to control flooding during an emergency. Tropical Storm Create pamphlets that describe important measures for kids Fire Safety Education and adult audiences. State police personnel to provide Wildfires/ Complete and Outreach information on safe burn practices for on-site controlled brushfires burns. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 64 Flat roofs Discourage flat roofs on new buildings to avoid potential for Severe Snowstorms Complete problems with heavy snow loads Dam failure map Town has created map of area impacted in case of a dam Dam Failures Complete failure Evaluation of Emergency Operations Centers Evaluate EOCs and emergency shelters to determine if they Hurricanes,Tornados, Complete (EOCs)and shelters are resistant to hazards. Earthquakes with respect to hazards Town encourages utility lines in all new subdivision Flooding,Hurricanes, Underground utility developments be located underground. Not feasible to bury Tornado,Severe Complete lines existing aboveground lines. snowstorms/ice storms, Dam failure Town of Agawam-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 65 Prioritized Implementation Plan Several of the action items previously identified in the previous version of this plan are currently continuing, either because they require more time to secure funding or their construction process is ongoing. in addition,the Hazard Mitigation Committee identified several new strategies that are also being pursued.These new strategies are based on experience with currently implemented strategies, as well as the hazard identification and risk assessment in this plan. Prioritization Methodology The Hazard Mitigation Committee reviewed and prioritized a list of previously identified and new mitigation strategies using the following criteria: Application to multiple hazards—Strategies are given a higher priority if they assist in the mitigation of several natural hazards. rime required for completion—Projects that are faster to implement, either due to the nature of the permitting process or other regulatory procedures, or because of the time it takes to secure funding, are given higher priority. Estimated benefit—Strategies which would provide the highest degree of reduction in loss of property and life are given a higher priority.This estimate is based on the Hazard Identification and Analysis Chapter, particularly with regard to how much of each hazard's impact would be mitigated. Cost effectiveness—in order to maximize the effect of mitigation efforts using limited funds, priority is given to low-cost strategies. For example, regular tree maintenance is a relatively low-cost operational strategy that can significantly reduce the length of time of power outages during a winter storm. Strategies that have identified potential funding streams, such as the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, are also given higher priority. Eligibility Under Hazard Mitigation Grant Program—The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) provides grants to states and local governments to implement long-term hazard mitigation measures after a major disaster declaration.The purpose of the HMGP is to reduce the loss of life and property due to natural disasters and to enable mitigation measures to be implemented during the immediate recovery from a disaster. Funding is made available through FEMA by the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency. Municipalities apply for grants to fund specific mitigation projects under MEMA requirements. The following categories are used to define the priority of each mitigation strategy: Low—Strategies that would not have a significant benefit to property or people,address only one or two hazards, or would require funding and time resources that are impractical Medium—Strategies that would have some benefit to people and property and are somewhat cost effective at reducing damage to property and people Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 66 High—Strategies that provide mitigation of several hazards and have a large benefit that warrants their cost and time to complete Very High—extremely beneficial projects that will greatly contribute to mitigation of multiple hazards and the protection of people and property.These projects are also given a numeric ranking within the category. Several hazard mitigation strategies identified in the previous Hazard Mitigation Plan have not yet been completed, but were changed in priority during the update of this plan by the Hazard Mitigation Committee.The Committee changed priorities by evaluating the entire list of mitigation strategies in a comprehensive manner according to the factors listed above. Prioritized mitigation strategies in the previous Hazard Mitigation Plan were listed within a single table of Priority Mitigation Actions and were not prioritized with the same rankings as described above. For purposes of comparison,strategies that were listed as a high priority in the previous Hazard Mitigation Plan are listed in bold in the table below. Cost Estimates Each of the following implementation strategies is provided with a cost estimate. Projects that already have secured funding are noted as such. Where precise financial estimates are not currently available, categories were used with the following assigned dollar ranges: • Low—cost less than $50,000 • Medium—cost between$50,000—$100,000 • High—cost over$100,000 Cost estimates take into account the following resources: • Town staff time for grant application and administration (at a rate of$25 per hour) • Consultant design and construction cost(based on estimates for projects obtained from town and general knowledge of previous work in town) • Town staff time for construction, maintenance,and operation activities(rate of$25 per hour) Project Timeframe Each strategy is provided with an estimated length of time it will take for implementation.Where funding has been secured for the project, a specific future date is provided for when completion will occur. However, some projects do not currently have funding and thus it is difficult to know exactly when they will be completed. For these projects, an estimate is provided for the amount of time it will take to complete the project once funding becomes available. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 67 Previously Identified and New Strategies Prioritized by the Town of Agawam Timeframe Mitigation Hazards Responsible (from whenFunding Action Status Action Type Description Mitigated Entity funding Source Cost Priority becomes available) Carr Replace culvert on Apply after Avenue North Street. announceme Complete; Suffield Street culvert DPW, nt of New-Culvert Capital Flooding, Conservation replacements Other construction also important to Hurricanes Commission, availability HMGP High Very high Culverts replace, but need help Private 1 Year after Pending to better coordinate receipt of Funding with Tennessee Gas funds New-Relocate Engineering Move sewer line away Town for sewer line and Slope from slope that Flooding, DPW,Army Start design stabilize slope Stabilization design and becomes increasingly Hurricanes, Corps of July 2016- design High Very High along Complete implementati destabilized with each Tropical Engineers Dec 2016 HMGP for Westfield River on large storm. Storm construction Maintain existing Completed back-up generators at Spring Back-up but Maintenance EMD shelters to ensure all All,except maintenance generators maintenance shelters have Drought check starting Town Staff N/A High is ongoing sufficient back-up April 2017. utility service. Encourage clustered residential development while Open space Portions conserving valuable Initiate planning: open space,which Planning Board, regulatory Complete, Flood, Town Staff, and new Hurricane promote Planning increases the amount Conservation change in State DLTA N/A High preservation priority of pervious surface Commission Jan 2018- of floodplains and reduces potential May 2019 flooding in accordance with the Open Space and Recreation Plan. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 68 IdentifiedPreviously and New Strategies Prioritized by the Town of Agawam Timeframe Mitigation Hazards Responsible from when Funding Action Status Action Type ' Description Mitigated Entity funding Source Cost Priority becomes available) New-Reduce Promote more active fuel material in Fire Dept. forest management with owners of more Start Spring local forests will work Education than 10 acres of wildfires/ Fire Department 2017-Spring Town Staff, Low High that would together and outreach brushfires DCR promote larger with DCR woodland, including 2019 wildfires both public and private landowners Implement developed agreement with WHYN Radio station to Completed provide emergency Emergency and requires Education information to April 2016 Broadcast ongoingand outreach All DPW Town Staff Low High residents including and annually oversight how to prepare homes for emergencies and proper evacuation procedures. Maintain inventory of Sandbag Completed Emergency 5,000 sandbags to Flooding, EMD Complete Town Staff Low Medium inventory preparedness ensure adequate Hurricanes supply. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 69 Previously identified and New Strategies Prioritized by the Town of Agawam Timeframe Mitigation Hazards Responsible (from when Funding Action Status Action Type Description funding Cost Priority Mitigated Entity becomes Source available) High hazard dams must have an Emergency Action Plan approved by the Office Emergency Completed of Dam Safety which Review and Action Plans and includes a list of Department of update (302 CMR important Planning available equipment Dam failures Public Works— Town Staff N/A Medium ongoing and materials, annually Jan- oversight procedure for informing emergency agencies, inundation map and procedure for warning residents. Facilitate Dam owners to have dams inspected by a Jan-March professional engineer 2017: Comaccording to a communicate Dam and plated schedule based on a responsibilities Inspections Department of p important Planning dam'S hazard index Dam failures Public Works-- to dam (302 CMR Town Staff N/A Medium h hazard 10:07) ongoing rating. High g Engineering, DCR owners and oversight dams-every 2 yrs explain Significant hazard resources to dams-every 5 yrs assist Low hazard dams- every 10 yrs Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 70 Previously Identified . New Strategies Prioritized by the Town of Agawam Timefraine Mitigation Hazards Responsible (from when Funding Action Status Action Type Description Mitigated Entity funding Source Cost Priority becomes available) Obtain dam break analysis informatio n from Emergency Determine which New-Dam critical facilities would Department of Action Jan 2017- failure impact Planning be impacted in case of Dam failures Public Works— Town Staff N/A Medium identification Plans for dam failure at these Engineering June 2017 Provin locations. Mountain Dam and Silver Lake Dam(when available) Carried State DLTA Water Forward Start Jan Municipal Adopt a Water Conservation via PVPC Conservation from regulations Conservation bylaw. Drought Commission 2018 Oct Technical Low Low bylaw previous 2016 Assistance plan Become part Carried Town has adopted the of FEMA's forward latest versions of the Mayor,Town July 2017- Community from Planning FEMA Flood Insurance Flooding Council June 2018 Town Staff Low Low Rating System Previous Rate Maps and will plan now act on CRS Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 71 PLAN REVIEW, EVALUATION.. ► ADOPTION Plan Adoption Upon completion of the draft Hazard Mitigation Plan, a public meeting was held by the town staff and the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission on March 3,2015 to present and request comments from residents.The Hazard Mitigation Plan was then submitted to the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency(MEMA)and the Federal Emergency Management Agency for their review. Upon receiving conditional approval of the plan by FEMA,the plan was presented to the Town Council and adopted by the Mayor. Plan Implementation The implementation of this plan began upon its formal adoption by the Town Council and approval by MEMA and FEMA. Those Town departments and boards responsible for ensuring the development of policies, ordinance revisions, and programs as described in Chapter 5 of this plan will be notified of their responsibilities immediately following approval.The Hazard Mitigation Committee will oversee the implementation of the plan. Incorporation with Other Planning Documents Existing plans, studies, reports and municipal documents were incorporated throughout the planning process.This included a review and incorporation of significant information from the following key documents: • Agawam Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan- used to identify critical infrastructure, current emergency operations, and special needs populations • Agawam Community Development Plan-used to identify existing hazard mitigation strategies, already proposed mitigation strategies, natural resources, and critical infrastructure • Agawam Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations-used to identify existing mitigation strategies • Massachusetts'State Hazard Mitigation Plan(2013)-used to ensure consistency with state identification of mitigation strategies, critical infrastructure, and hazards The Hazard Mitigation Plan will also be incorporated into updates of the Town's Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. During regular update meetings for the Hazard Mitigation Plan,the Hazard Mitigation Committee will review whether any of these plans are in the process of being updated. If so, the Hazard Mitigation Committee will provide copies of the Hazard Mitigation Plan to relevant Town staff and brief them on the content of the Hazard Mitigation Plan.The Hazard Mitigation Committee will also review current Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 72 Town programs and policies to ensure that they are consistent with the mitigation strategies described in this plan. After this plan has been approved by both FEMA and the local government, links to the plan will be emailed to all appropriate Town staff, boards, and committees, with a reminder to review the plan periodically and work to incorporate its contents, especially the action plan, into other planning processes and documents. In addition, during annual monitoring meetings for the Hazard Mitigation Plan implementation process, the Hazard Mitigation Committee will review whether any of these plans are in the process of being updated. If so,the Hazard Mitigation Committee will remind people working on these plans, policies etc of the Hazard Mitigation plan, and urge them to incorporate the Hazard Mitigation plan into their efforts. The Hazard Mitigation Committee will also review current Town programs and policies to ensure that they are consistent with the mitigation strategies described in this plan.The Hazard Mitigation Plan will also be incorporated into updates of the Town Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Members of the local Hazard Mitigation committee do not have written evidence that the previous Hazard Mitigation plan was formally integrated into Town plans that may have been developed and/or updated since the previous plan was approved. However, it is the understanding of the members of the local Hazard Mitigation committee that this was the case. Going forward,the process of cross integration will be more closely monitored. Plan Monitoring and Evaluation The Town's Emergency Management Director will call meetings of all responsible parties to review plan progress as needed, based on occurrence of hazard events.The public will be notified of these meetings in advance through a posting of the agenda at Town Hall. Responsible parties identified for specific mitigation actions will be asked to submit their reports in advance of the meeting. Meetings will involve evaluation and assessment of the plan, regarding its effectiveness at achieving the plan's goals and stated purpose.The following questions will serve as the criteria that is used to evaluate the plan: Plan Mission and Goal • Is the Plan's stated goal and mission still accurate and up to date, reflecting any changes to local hazard mitigation activities? • Are there any changes or improvements that can be made to the goal and mission? Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment • Have there been any new occurrences of hazard events since the plan was last reviewed? if so, these hazards should be incorporated into the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment. • Have any new occurrences of hazards varied from previous occurrences in terms of their extent or impact? If so, the stated impact, extent, probability of future occurrence, or overall assessment of risk and vulnerability should be edited to reflect these changes. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 73 • Is there any new data available from local, state, or Federal sources about the impact of previous hazard events, or any new data for the probability of future occurrences? If so, this information should be incorporated into the plan. Existing Mitigation Strategies • Are the current strategies effectively mitigating the effect of any recent hazard events? • Has there been any damage to property since the plan was last reviewed? • How could the existing mitigation strategies be improved upon to reduce the impact from recent occurrences of hazards? If there are improvements, these should be incorporated into the plan. Proposed Mitigation Strategies • What progress has been accomplished for each of the previously identified proposed mitigation strategies? • How have any recently completed mitigation strategies affected the Town's vulnerability and impact from hazards that have occurred since the strategy was completed? • Should the criteria for prioritizing the proposed mitigation strategies be altered in any way? • Should the priority given to individual mitigation strategies be changed, based on any recent changes to financial and staffing resources,or recent hazard events? Review of the Plan and integration with Other Planning Documents • Is the current process for reviewing the Hazard Mitigation Plan effective?Could it be improved? • Are there any Town plans in the process of being updated that should have the content of this Hazard Mitigation Plan incorporated into them? • How can the current Hazard Mitigation Plan be better integrated with other Town planning tools and operational procedures, including the zoning bylaw,the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan,and the Capital Improvement Plan? Following these discussions, it is anticipated that the committee may decide to reassign the roles and responsibilities for implementing mitigation strategies to different town departments and/or revise the goals and objectives contained in the plan. The committee will review and update the Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years. Public participation will be a critical component of the Hazard Mitigation Plan maintenance process.The Hazard Mitigation Committee will hold all meetings in accordance with Massachusetts open meeting laws and the public invited to attend. The public will be notified of any changes to the Plan via the meeting notices board at Town Hall, and copies of the revised Plan will be made available to the public at Town Hall. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 74 CERTIFICATE OF ADOPTION TOWN OF AGAWAM, MASSACHUSETTS MAYOR RICHARD A.COHEN A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE AGAWAM HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, the Town of Agawam established a Committee to prepare the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, several public planning meetings were held between February and March 2015 regarding the development and review of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate hazard damage in the Town of Agawam; and WHEREAS, a duly-noticed public hearing was held by the Agawam Town Council on 2016 to formally approve and adopt the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Mayor of Agawam adopts the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. ADOPTED AND SIGNED this , 2016. Richard A. Cohen Mayor ATTEST Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 75 Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 76 Appendix A: Technical Resources 1) Agencies Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency(MEMA)..........................................................508/820-2000 Hazard Mitigation Section .......................................................................................................617/626-1356 Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA) ..................................................................617/223-4175 SelectedMA Regional Planning Commissions: Berkshire Regional Planning Commission (BRPC)..........................................................................413/442-1521 Franklin Regional Council of Governments(FRCOG).....................................................................413/774-3167 Metropolitan Area Planning Council (MAPC)...:.............................................................................617/451-2770 Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC).................................................................................413/781-6045 MA Board of Building Regulations&Standards(BBRS)................................................................617/227-1754 DCR Water Supply Protection..........................................................................................................617/626-1379 DCRWaterways...................................................................................................................................617/626-1371 DCR Office of Dam Safety..................................................................................................................508/792-7716 DFWRiverways...................................................................................................................................617/626-1540 MA Dept.of Housing& Community Development.......................................................................617/573-1100 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.............................................................................................508/457-2180 UMass-Amherst Cooperative Extension.........................................................................................413/545-4800 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)..................................................................................617/770-3000 New England Disaster Recovery Information X-Change(NEDRIX—an association of private companies& industries involved in disaster recovery planning)......................................................................781/485-0279 MA Board of Library Commissioners..............................................................................................617/725-1860 MA Highway Dept, District 1............................................................................................................413/582-0599 MA Division of Marine Fisheries.....................................................................................................617/626-1520 MA Division of Capital&Asset Management(DCAM).................................................................617/727-4050 University of Massachusetts/Amherst...........................................................................................413/545-0111 Natural Resources Conservation Services(MRCS)......................... .................413/253-4350 MA Historical Commission................................................................................................................617/727-8470 U.S.Army Corps of Engineers...........................................................................................................978/318-8502 Northeast States Emergency Consortium, Inc. (NESEC)...........................................................781/224-9876 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: National Weather Service......................508/824-5116 US Department of the Interior: US Fish and Wildlife Service ..................................................413/253-8200 USGeological Survey...............................................................................................................508/490-5000 Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 77 2) Mitigation.Funding Resources 404 Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) ....................................MA Emergency Management Agency 406 Public Assistance and Hazard Mitigation .....................................MA Emergency Management Agency Community Development Block Grant(CDBG).........................................................DHCD, also refer to RPC Dam Safety Program................................................................MA Division of Conservation and Recreation Disaster Preparedness Improvement Grant (DPIG) ..............................MA Emergency Management Agency Emergency Generators Program by NESEC# ......................................MA Emergency Management Agency Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) Program..........................USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service Flood Mitigation Assistance Program (FMAP)..........................MA Emergency Management Agency Flood Plain Management Services(FPMS).........................................................US Army Corps of Engineers Mitigation Assistance Planning(MAP)................................................MA Emergency Management Agency Mutual Aid for Public Works..........Western Massachusetts Regional Homeland Security Advisory Council National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) t ..........................................MA Emergency Management Agency Power of Prevention Grant by NESEC$ ..............................................MA Emergency Management Agency Roadway Repair& Maintenance Program(s)......................................Massachusetts Highway Department Section 14 Emergency Stream Bank Erosion& Shoreline Protection ...............US Army Corps of Engineers Section 103 Beach Erosion.......................................................................................US Army Corps of Engineers Section 205 Flood Damage Reduction....................................................................US Army Corps of Engineers Section 208 Snagging and Clearing.......................................................................US Army Corps of Engineers Shoreline Protection Program.............................................MA Department of Conservation and Recreation Various Forest and Lands Program(s)....................................MA Department of Environmental Protection Wetlands Programs...............................................................MA Department of Environmental Protection #NESEC—Northeast States Emergency Consortium, Inc. is a 501(c)(3), not-for-profit natural disaster, multi-hazard mitigation and emergency management organization located in Wakefield, Massachusetts. Please, contact NESEC for more information. # Note regarding National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and Community Rating System (CRS):The National Flood Insurance Program has developed suggested floodplain management activities for those communities who wish to more thoroughly manage or reduce the impact of flooding in their jurisdiction. Through use of a rating system (CRS rating), a community's floodplain management efforts can be evaluated for effectiveness.The rating,which indicates an above average floodplain management effort, is then factored into the premium cost for flood insurance policies sold in the community. The higher the rating achieved in that community, the greater the reduction in flood insurance premium costs for local property owners. MEMA can provide additional information regarding participation in the NFIP- CRS Program. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 78 3) Internet Resources � - A ,�+. 1. } ..},$-,I u -0m2i Yk�ff ty�3�'3'.�'.T� � _- � Y' Sponsor Internet;Address { .' Summary of Contents.:: Searchable database of Natural Hazards references and links to Research Center, U. http://www.colorado.edu/litbase/hazard-s./ many disaster-related of Colorado websites. Hurricane track maps Atlantic Hurricane http://wxp.eas.purdue.edu/hurricane for each year, 1886— Tracking Data by Year 1996 Association of state National Emergency emergency httg://nemaweb.org Management management directors; Association list of mitigation projects. NASA—Goddard Searchable database of Space Flight Center http://www.psfc.nasa.gov/ndrd/­dis aster sites that encompass a "Disaster Finder: wide range of natural disasters. NASA Natural Searchable database of http:/Zltpwww.,sfc.nasa.gov/ndrd/main/html Disaster Reference worldwide natural Database disasters. General information U.S. State& Local http:lLwww.statelocal.gov/ through the federal- Gateway state partnership. Central page for National Weather http://nws.noaa.gov/ National Weather Service Warnings, updated every 60 seconds. USGS Real Time http,//h20.usgs.gov/public/realtime.html Provisional hydrological Hydrologic Data data Dartmouth Flood Observations of flooding ' http://www.dartmouth_.edu/ar_tsci/e eog/floodl Observatory — situations. FEMA, National Flood Searchable site for Insurance Program, httn://www.fema.povlfema/csb.htmi access of Community Community Status I I Status Books Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 79 " S onsor Y"'i Internet-Addre s i r Summary of Contents. ter. . - Book Florida State Tracking and NWS University Atlantic http://www.met.fsu.edu/explores/tropical.html warnings for Atlantic Hurricanes and other Hurricane Site links Information on The Tornado Project htt13:LJwww.tornadoro*ect.com/ tornadoes, including Online details of recent impacts. Information about and National Severe http://www.nssl.uoknor.edu/ Storms Laboratory tracking of severe storms. Independent Insurance Agents of http://www.iiaa.iix.com/ndcmap.htmi A multi-disaster risk America IIAA Natural map. Disaster Risk Map Earth Satellite http://www.earthsat.com/ Flood risk maps Corporation searchable by state. USDA Forest Service http://www.fs.fed.us/land Information on forest fires and land Web management. Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 80 WRHSAC Contacts Chair Sheriff Bowler/Lt.Col. Berkshire County Sheriffs Office Thomas Grady Vice Chair Thomas Lynch Baystate Health Corrections Sheriff Bowler/Maj. Berkshire County Sheriffs Office Thomas Grady Law Enforcement Chief Stephen Monson Police Department Kozloski Law Enforcement Chief Michael Wynn Pittsfield Police Department Law Enforcement Chief John Paciorek Deerfield Police Department Fire Chief Mark Babineau Ludlow Fire Department Fire Chief John Pond Holyoke Fire Department Fire Chief Francis Nothe Wilbraham Fire Department Emergency Mgt. Robert Hassett Springfield Office of Emergency Preparedness Regional Transit Jamin Carroll Pioneer Valley Transit Authority Hospital Thomas Lynch Baystate Health Public Safety Melissa Nazzaro Springfield Public Safety Communications Public Works Christopher Town of Beckett Highway Brouchard Superintendent Public Health Ed Lesko Town of Hatfield Board of Health Emergency Linda Moriarty WMEMS Medical Services Municipal Carolyn Shores Ness Board of Selectmen Town of Government Deerfield Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 81 Appendix B: List of Acronyms FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency MEMA Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency PVPC Pioneer Valley Planning Commission EPA Environmental Protection Agency DEP Massachusetts' Department of Environmental Protection NWS National Weather Service HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program FMA Flood Mitigation Assistance Program SFHA Special Flood Hazard Area CIS Community Information System DCR Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission TRI Toxics Release Inventory FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map NFIP National Flood Insurance Program CRS Community Rating System BOS Board of Selectmen DPW Department of Public Works LEPC Local Emergency Planning Committee EMD Emergency Management Director Con Com Conservation Commission Ag Com Agricultural Commission EOC Emergency Operations Center CEM Plan Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan EMA Emergency Management Agency RACES Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service WMECO Western Massachusetts Electric Company HAZMAT Hazardous Materials Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 82 Appendix C: Documentation of Planning Process Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 83 Appendix D; Critical Facilities Map Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 $4 CERTIFICATE OF ADOPTION TOWN OF AGAWAM, MASSACHUSETTS MAYOR RICHARD A.COHEN A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE AGAWAM HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2016 WHEREAS, the Town of Agawam established.a Committee to prepare the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, several public planning meetings were held between February and March 2015 regarding the development and review of the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016; and WHEREAS, the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 contains several potential future projects to mitigate hazard damage in the Town of Agawam; and WHEREAS, a duly-noticed public hearing was held by the Agawam Town Council on , 2016 to formally approve and adopt the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Mayor of Agawam adopts the Agawam Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016. ADOPTED AND SIGNED this , 2015. Richard A. Cohen Mayor ATTEST Town of Agawam—Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2016 85 12 Mc lop IV. IMF% hmw NPI qp so! Own